Kula Jilo Tache1, Yitbarek Getachew2, Haileleul Negussie2. 1. School of Veterinary Medicine, Borena University, Borena, Yabelo, Ethiopia. 2. Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.
Abstract
Background: Neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in smallholder dairy farms in Ethiopia. However, its status and impact in pastoral cattle production settings were uncovered. This study was performed with the aims of estimating the seroprevalence and associated potential risk factors for Neospora caninum in Boran cattle in Teltelle district of Borana zone, Ethiopia. Methods: 180 blood samples were collected from 48 randomly selected pastoral herds using a multistage sampling technique and subjected to an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test to detect antibodies specific to N. caninum. A questionnaire survey was also used to identify the potential risk factors of N. caninum in the study area. Evaluation of the associated risk factors was conducted using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Antibodies against N. caninum exposure were detected in 5% of cattle (95% CI: 1.816-8.184) from 180 animals tested. Similarly, the seroprevalence of N. caninum in herds with at least one positive animal was 14.6% (95% CI: 4.598-24.567) from 48 herds examined. A multivariable logistic regression model identified the following as significant risk factors: a history of abortion (AOR = 23; 95% CI: 2.354-188.702; P = 0.006), dystocia (AOR = 11; 95% CI = 22.275-55.860; P = 0.003), wells water sources (AOR = 9; 95% CI: 1.599-47.568; P = 0.012), and dogs fed with raw animal products (AOR = 6; 95% CI: 11.213-27.222; P = 0.028). Conclusion: This study revealed the first serological evidence of N. caninum exposure in cattle reared under pastoral production system. Our findings suggest N. caninum is likely to be an important cause of abortion and dystocia in cattle in Ethiopia. Management practices, such as provision of hygienic water and restriction of dogs fed with raw animal products, are likely to reduce the risk of infection. Thus, maximizing community awareness about these disease management practices is suggested.
Background: Neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in smallholder dairy farms in Ethiopia. However, its status and impact in pastoral cattle production settings were uncovered. This study was performed with the aims of estimating the seroprevalence and associated potential risk factors for Neospora caninum in Boran cattle in Teltelle district of Borana zone, Ethiopia. Methods: 180 blood samples were collected from 48 randomly selected pastoral herds using a multistage sampling technique and subjected to an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test to detect antibodies specific to N. caninum. A questionnaire survey was also used to identify the potential risk factors of N. caninum in the study area. Evaluation of the associated risk factors was conducted using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Antibodies against N. caninum exposure were detected in 5% of cattle (95% CI: 1.816-8.184) from 180 animals tested. Similarly, the seroprevalence of N. caninum in herds with at least one positive animal was 14.6% (95% CI: 4.598-24.567) from 48 herds examined. A multivariable logistic regression model identified the following as significant risk factors: a history of abortion (AOR = 23; 95% CI: 2.354-188.702; P = 0.006), dystocia (AOR = 11; 95% CI = 22.275-55.860; P = 0.003), wells water sources (AOR = 9; 95% CI: 1.599-47.568; P = 0.012), and dogs fed with raw animal products (AOR = 6; 95% CI: 11.213-27.222; P = 0.028). Conclusion: This study revealed the first serological evidence of N. caninum exposure in cattle reared under pastoral production system. Our findings suggest N. caninum is likely to be an important cause of abortion and dystocia in cattle in Ethiopia. Management practices, such as provision of hygienic water and restriction of dogs fed with raw animal products, are likely to reduce the risk of infection. Thus, maximizing community awareness about these disease management practices is suggested.
Authors: Moses O Olum; Erick O Mungube; James Njanja; John Kidali; Edward Njenga; Monicah Maichomo; Victor T Tsuma; John Mugambi Journal: Transbound Emerg Dis Date: 2020-01-26 Impact factor: 5.005
Authors: Poliana de Jesus Souza Venturoso; Osvaldo Juliatti Venturoso; Gisele Glomba Silva; Maerle Oliveira Maia; Rute Witter; Daniel Moura Aguiar; Richard de Campos Pacheco; Elvino Ferreira; Alvimar José da Costa; Thais Rabelo Dos Santos-Doni Journal: Rev Bras Parasitol Vet Date: 2021-02-12