Dario Baratti1, Shigeki Kusamura2, Marcello Guaglio2, Massimo Milione3, Filippo Pietrantonio4, Tommaso Cavalleri2, Federica Morano4, Marcello Deraco2. 1. Peritoneal Malignancy Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. dario.baratti@istitutotumori.mi.it. 2. Peritoneal Malignancy Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. 3. Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. 4. Department of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) have dramatically improved pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) prognosis, but treatment failures are still a concern. We investigated the pattern of failure, treatment and outcomes of progressing disease. METHODS: A prospective database of 374 PMP patients was reviewed, and 152 patients relapsing after complete CRS/HIPEC were identified. PMP was graded according to the Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI) classification. Hematogenous metastases and non-regional lymph node involvement were considered as systemic metastases. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 78.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 66.7-90.4). PMP relapse involved the peritoneum in 112 patients, pleural cavity in 8, both peritoneum and pleura in 8, systemic sites in 11, and both peritoneum and systemic sites in 13 patients. Systemic metastases involved the lung (n = 14), liver (n = 4), distant nodes (n = 3), bone (n = 2), and both lung and distant nodes (n = 1). Survival after diagnosis of PMP relapse was independently associated with curative versus palliative treatment (hazard ratio [HR] 0.52, 95% CI 0.36-0.75; p = 0.001) and PSOGI histology (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.19-2.74; p = 0.005), but was not influenced by site of failure (p = 0.444). Ten-year overall survival was 77.5% for 62 patients who had curative-intent surgery for PMP relapse, compared with 83.0% for 192 patients who had no recurrences (p = 0.154) and 26.1% for 90 patients who underwent palliative treatments (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Relapse after CRS/HIPEC most commonly involves the peritoneum, but pleural recurrences and systemic metastases occur in a small but clinically relevant number of patients. In selected patients, surgical resection of recurrent disease can result in long survival, irrespective of sites of failure.
INTRODUCTION: Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) have dramatically improved pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) prognosis, but treatment failures are still a concern. We investigated the pattern of failure, treatment and outcomes of progressing disease. METHODS: A prospective database of 374 PMP patients was reviewed, and 152 patients relapsing after complete CRS/HIPEC were identified. PMP was graded according to the Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI) classification. Hematogenous metastases and non-regional lymph node involvement were considered as systemic metastases. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 78.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 66.7-90.4). PMP relapse involved the peritoneum in 112 patients, pleural cavity in 8, both peritoneum and pleura in 8, systemic sites in 11, and both peritoneum and systemic sites in 13 patients. Systemic metastases involved the lung (n = 14), liver (n = 4), distant nodes (n = 3), bone (n = 2), and both lung and distant nodes (n = 1). Survival after diagnosis of PMP relapse was independently associated with curative versus palliative treatment (hazard ratio [HR] 0.52, 95% CI 0.36-0.75; p = 0.001) and PSOGI histology (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.19-2.74; p = 0.005), but was not influenced by site of failure (p = 0.444). Ten-year overall survival was 77.5% for 62 patients who had curative-intent surgery for PMP relapse, compared with 83.0% for 192 patients who had no recurrences (p = 0.154) and 26.1% for 90 patients who underwent palliative treatments (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Relapse after CRS/HIPEC most commonly involves the peritoneum, but pleural recurrences and systemic metastases occur in a small but clinically relevant number of patients. In selected patients, surgical resection of recurrent disease can result in long survival, irrespective of sites of failure.
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