The 'acute' scrotum. Lesions that require immediate attention.

An "acute" scrotum may result from an interesting and fairly predictable array of diseases. A good history and physical examination remain paramount in evaluation. Scrotal ultrasonography and testicular radionuclide scanning are important additions to our diagnostic armamentarium and should be used whenever possible. Unfortunately, the equipment and expertise needed to perform these useful examinations are not always readily available. If these tests cannot be done promptly and rapidly, treatment should be instituted without delay. Most lesions that cause an acute scrotum should be treated expeditiously, since careful treatment can greatly reduce patient discomfort, morbidity, and even mortality. Additionally, testicular salvage often depends on early and appropriate management.