| Literature DB >> 35966418 |
Victor Spirandelli Pimentel1, Bruna Borsari Artoni2, Flavio Faloppa3, João Carlos Belloti3, Marcel Jun Sugawara Tamaoki3, Benedito Felipe Rabay Pimentel1,4,5.
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the prevalence of anatomical variations encountered in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome who underwent carpal tunnel classical open release. Methods A total of 115 patients with a high probability of clinical diagnosis for carpal tunnel syndrome and indication for surgical treatment were included. These patients underwent electroneuromyography and ultrasound for diagnostic confirmation. They underwent surgical treatment by carpal tunnel classical open release, in which a complete inventory of the surgical wound was performed in the search and visualization of anatomical variations intra- and extra-carpal tunnel. Results The total prevalence of anatomical variations intra- and extra-carpal tunnel found in this study was 63.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 54.5-72.4). The prevalence of the carpal transverse muscle was 57.4% (95% CI: 47.8-66.6%), of the bifid median nerve associated with the persistent median artery was 1.7% (95% CI: 0.0-4.2%), and the median bifid nerve associated with the persistent median artery and the transverse carpal muscle was 1.7% (95% CI: 0.0-4.2%). Conclusion The most prevalent extra-carpal tunnel anatomical variation was carpal transverse muscle. The most prevalent intra-carpal tunnel anatomical variation was median bifid nerve associated with the persistent median artery. The surgical finding of an extra-carpal tunnel anatomical variation, such as the transverse carpal muscle, may indicate the presence of other associated carpal intra tunnel anatomical variations, such as the bifid median nerve, persistent median artery, and anatomical variations of the recurrent median nerve branch. Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).Entities:
Keywords: carpal tunnel syndrome; median nerve; prevalence; surgical procedures
Year: 2021 PMID: 35966418 PMCID: PMC9365476 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731361
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 0102-3616
Fig. 1Surgical incision planning using the classical open carpal tunnel release technique.
Fig. 2Surgical approach showing the transverse carpal ligament (arrow) completely open.
Fig. 3Surgical finding of the transverse carpal muscle.
Fig. 4Surgical finding of the bifid median nerve associated to a persistent median artery.
Fig. 5Study flowchart.
Prevalence of anatomical variations in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome undergoing classical open carpal tunnel release surgery
| Anatomical variations | N (%) | 95% CI (%) |
|---|---|---|
| TCM | 66 (57.4) | 47.8–66.6 |
| BMN + PMA | 2 (1.7) | 0.0–4.2 |
| BMN + PMA + TCM | 2 (1.7) | 0.0–4.2 |
| TCM + TRB | 1 (0.9) | 0.0–2.6 |
| TCM + MB | 1 (0.9) | 0.0–2.6 |
| SRB | 1 (0.9) | 0.0–2.6 |
|
| 73 (63.5) | 54.5–72.4 |
Abbreviations: PMA, persistent median artery; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval for proportions; TCM, transverse carpal muscle; BMN, bifid median nerve; SRB, subligamentous recurrent branch of the median nerve; TRB, transligamentous recurrent branch of the median nerve; MB, muscular belly of the flexor and longus digitorum superficialis tendon.
n = 115.
Results are presented as total percentage values.
Fig. 1Planejamento da incisão cirúrgica pela técnica de liberação aberta clássica do túnel do carpo.
Fig. 2Abordagem cirúrgica mostrando o ligamento transverso do carpo (seta) completamente aberto.
Fig. 3Achado cirúrgico do músculo transverso do carpo.
Fig. 4Achado cirúrgico do nervo mediano bífido associado à artéria mediana persistente.
Fig. 5Fluxograma do estudo.
Prevalência de variações anatômicas encontradas em pacientes com síndrome do túnel do carpo submetidos a liberação cirúrgica por via aberta clássica do túnel do carpo
| Variações anatômicas | N (%) | IC95% (%) |
|---|---|---|
| MTC | 66 (57,4) | 47,8–66,6 |
| NMB + AMP | 2 (1,7) | 0,0–4,2 |
| NMB + AMP + MTC | 2 (1,7) | 0,0–4,2 |
| MTC + RRT | 1 (0,9) | 0,0–2,6 |
| MTC + VMF | 1 (0,9) | 0,0–2,6 |
| RRS | 1 (0,9) | 0,0 a 2,6 |
|
| 73 (63,5) | 54,5–72,4 |
Abreviaturas: AMP, artéria mediana persistente; IC95%, intervalo de confiança de 95% para as proporções; MTC, músculo transverso do carpo; NMB, nervo mediano bífido; RRS ramo recorrente subligamentar do nervo mediano; RRT, ramo recorrente transligamentar do nervo mediano; VMF, ventre muscular do tendão flexor superficial dedo longo.
n = 115.
Os resultados são apresentados como a porcentagem total.