Michelle Yin1, Cong Wang1, Kai Gu2, Pingping Bao2, Xiao-Ou Shu3,4. 1. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. 2. Department of Cancer Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. 3. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. xiao-ou.shu@vanderbilt.edu. 4. Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Institute of Medicine and Public Health, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 600, Nashville, TN, 37203-1738, USA. xiao-ou.shu@vanderbilt.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Chronic pain is a common symptom affecting quality of life for breast cancer survivors. However, its prevalence and correlate factors in long-term breast cancer survivors, particularly Asian women, are understudied. The reported study is to address these knowledge gaps. METHODS: We evaluated pain severity and frequency, and their associations with clinical features and lifestyle factors among 3640 5-year breast cancer survivors who participated in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Survival Study. Demographic, clinical, and lifestyle information was collected at study enrollment, which occurred 6 months post-diagnosis, and pain was assessed at the 5-year post-diagnosis follow-up survey. RESULTS: In total, 42% of participants reported experiencing pain. Pain is more prevalent among survivors with low educational attainment or low income. Multivariable polytomous regression analyses showed that pain was positively associated with metastasis or recurrence (moderate pain OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.45, 3.26, frequent pain OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.37, 2.70), triple negative status (infrequent pain OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.78), obesity (frequent pain OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.31), and multiple comorbidities. Exercise (OR: 0.65, 95%: 0.49, 0.88), chemotherapy (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.849), and HER2-positive and ER/PR-negative status (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.97) were inversely associated with moderate pain. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic pain is highly prevalent among long-term breast cancer survivors in China and was associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and several clinical factors. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: This study highlights the importance of promoting weight control and exercise to alleviate chronic pain.
PURPOSE: Chronic pain is a common symptom affecting quality of life for breast cancer survivors. However, its prevalence and correlate factors in long-term breast cancer survivors, particularly Asian women, are understudied. The reported study is to address these knowledge gaps. METHODS: We evaluated pain severity and frequency, and their associations with clinical features and lifestyle factors among 3640 5-year breast cancer survivors who participated in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Survival Study. Demographic, clinical, and lifestyle information was collected at study enrollment, which occurred 6 months post-diagnosis, and pain was assessed at the 5-year post-diagnosis follow-up survey. RESULTS: In total, 42% of participants reported experiencing pain. Pain is more prevalent among survivors with low educational attainment or low income. Multivariable polytomous regression analyses showed that pain was positively associated with metastasis or recurrence (moderate pain OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.45, 3.26, frequent pain OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.37, 2.70), triple negative status (infrequent pain OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.78), obesity (frequent pain OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.31), and multiple comorbidities. Exercise (OR: 0.65, 95%: 0.49, 0.88), chemotherapy (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.849), and HER2-positive and ER/PR-negative status (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.97) were inversely associated with moderate pain. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic pain is highly prevalent among long-term breast cancer survivors in China and was associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and several clinical factors. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: This study highlights the importance of promoting weight control and exercise to alleviate chronic pain.
Authors: Winfried Rief; Wayne A Bardwell; Joel E Dimsdale; Loki Natarajan; Shirley W Flatt; John P Pierce Journal: Breast Cancer Res Treat Date: 2011-06-09 Impact factor: 4.872
Authors: Spenser Hughes; Lisa M Jaremka; Catherine M Alfano; Ronald Glaser; Stephen P Povoski; Adele M Lipari; Doreen M Agnese; William B Farrar; Lisa D Yee; William E Carson; William B Malarkey; Janice K Kiecolt-Glaser Journal: Psychoneuroendocrinology Date: 2014-01-05 Impact factor: 4.905