Maneesh Sharma1, C S Patil2, Sandeep Saharan3, Akhil Kumar Gupta4, Snehil Gupta5, V K Jain3. 1. Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India. drmaneeshvet@gmail.com. 2. Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India. 3. Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India. 4. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India. 5. Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The present study reports a very rare case of Trypanosoma theileri like infection in the peritoneal fluid of a 6-year-old female Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle brought to Veterinary Clinical Complex, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar. The aim of the clinical study was to report an unusual case of T. theileri-like infection associated with peritonitis and its therapeutic management. METHODS: For confirmatory diagnosis, peritoneal fluid and blood sample was collected from animal for haemato-biochemical examination, buffy coat examination and detection of Trypanosoma antigen by monoclonal antibody-based latex agglutination test. RESULTS: Animal had history of anorexia, high fever, oedematous swelling on the abdominal area and decrease in milk yield since 1 week. Clinical examination revealed high fever, congested conjunctival mucus membrane and oedematous inflammatory swelling on the abdominal region. Haematological examination on Day 1 revealed relative neutrophilia and eosinophilia, whereas other parameters measured were on the lower side of normal range. Thin blood smear examination did not reveal any parasite on first attempt. However, after confirmation of Trypanosoma species in peritoneal fluid collected by FNAC, buffy coat examination of blood sample was also found positive for Trypanosoma species. On Day 2, haematological examination revealed neutrophilic leucocytosis, eosinophilia and anaemia. Blood sample was also found serologically positive for Trypanosoma antigen by monoclonal antibody based latex agglutination test. Biochemical examination revealed increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels, hyperglycemia, hyperprotienemia and decreased levels of sodium and chloride ions. Animal was primarily treated with isometamidium chloride (Nyzom®) @ 0.5 mg/kg body weight (IM, single dose) along with supportive therapy. CONCLUSION: Animal showed clinical recovery after 10 days of treatment. Post-recovery, blood sample of the animal was re-examined for parasite and other blood parameters and it was found negative for presence of Trypanosoma infection along with restoration of haematological values. Hence, the present study concludes the confirmatory diagnosis and therapeutic use of isometamidium hydrochloride along with anti-inflammatory drugs to Trypanosoma infection.
PURPOSE: The present study reports a very rare case of Trypanosoma theileri like infection in the peritoneal fluid of a 6-year-old female Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle brought to Veterinary Clinical Complex, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar. The aim of the clinical study was to report an unusual case of T. theileri-like infection associated with peritonitis and its therapeutic management. METHODS: For confirmatory diagnosis, peritoneal fluid and blood sample was collected from animal for haemato-biochemical examination, buffy coat examination and detection of Trypanosoma antigen by monoclonal antibody-based latex agglutination test. RESULTS: Animal had history of anorexia, high fever, oedematous swelling on the abdominal area and decrease in milk yield since 1 week. Clinical examination revealed high fever, congested conjunctival mucus membrane and oedematous inflammatory swelling on the abdominal region. Haematological examination on Day 1 revealed relative neutrophilia and eosinophilia, whereas other parameters measured were on the lower side of normal range. Thin blood smear examination did not reveal any parasite on first attempt. However, after confirmation of Trypanosoma species in peritoneal fluid collected by FNAC, buffy coat examination of blood sample was also found positive for Trypanosoma species. On Day 2, haematological examination revealed neutrophilic leucocytosis, eosinophilia and anaemia. Blood sample was also found serologically positive for Trypanosoma antigen by monoclonal antibody based latex agglutination test. Biochemical examination revealed increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels, hyperglycemia, hyperprotienemia and decreased levels of sodium and chloride ions. Animal was primarily treated with isometamidium chloride (Nyzom®) @ 0.5 mg/kg body weight (IM, single dose) along with supportive therapy. CONCLUSION: Animal showed clinical recovery after 10 days of treatment. Post-recovery, blood sample of the animal was re-examined for parasite and other blood parameters and it was found negative for presence of Trypanosoma infection along with restoration of haematological values. Hence, the present study concludes the confirmatory diagnosis and therapeutic use of isometamidium hydrochloride along with anti-inflammatory drugs to Trypanosoma infection.
Authors: Fabiano Antonio Cadioli; Patrícia de Athayde Barnabé; Rosangela Zacarias Machado; Márcia Cristina Alves Teixeira; Marcos Rogério André; Paulo Henrique Sampaio; Otávio Luiz Fidélis Junior; Marta Maria Geraldes Teixeira; Luiz Carlos Marques Journal: Rev Bras Parasitol Vet Date: 2012 Apr-Jun
Authors: Marc Desquesnes; Alan Dargantes; De-Hua Lai; Zhao-Rong Lun; Philippe Holzmuller; Sathaporn Jittapalapong Journal: Biomed Res Int Date: 2013-09-18 Impact factor: 3.411