Ligament reconstruction for the painful "prearthritic" thumb carpometacarpal joint.

An extraarticular ligament reconstruction to stabilize the painful, hypermobile trapeziometacarpal (basal) joint by routing a portion of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) through the thumb metacarpal has been performed in 25 "prearthritic" (Stage I) and 17 minimally involved (Stage II) basal joints. At an average follow-up examination of 5.2 years, 100% of the Stage I patients had achieved good or excellent results, having little or no pain with return of strength and stability. Eighty-two percent of Stage II patients had similar results. Intractable pain was the primary surgical indication. Pain was dramatically relieved in all Stage I cases and in 70% of the Stage II cases. The presence and degree of crepitus correlated closely to the result and was a good prognostic indicator. Direct inspection of both the basal and scaphotrapezial joints is essential to determine whether ligament reconstruction or another surgical procedure is the procedure of choice. The procedure was particularly useful in patients with untreated Bennett's fractures. Follow-up roentgenograms showed no further degeneration, suggesting that the procedure was reliable, reproducible, and durable, and that it might even retard future joint degeneration.