Correlation of Clinical, Hormonal, Biochemical and Ultrasound Parameters Between Adult and Adolescent Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Adult and Adolescent PCOS.

Purpose: To correlate the clinical, hormonal, biochemical and ultrasound parameters in adolescent patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and to compare them with adult patients.
Methods: This was a prospective, correlational study. 50 adult (20-35 years) and 50 adolescent patients (15-19 years) who had features of PCOS (Rotterdam Criteria, 2003) were selected. The control group comprised of 50 women of same age in each group with normal parameters. Pelvic ultrasound was done in early follicular phase (3-5th day of menstrual cycle). Assessment of hormonal and biochemical parameters (LH/FSH ratio, free testosterone level, lipid profile and fasting glucose/insulin ratio) and grey-scale ultrasound was done.
Results: No significant difference was observed in menstrual pattern in adults and adolescents with PCOS. The mean values of serum LH/FSH ratio and free testosterone were significantly higher in both adult and adolescent PCOS patients as compared to their controls (p < 0.001). The mean value of serum insulin was significantly higher (p < 0.001) with positive correlation (adult: r = 0.655, p < 0.01; adolescent: r = 0.451, p < 0.01) of serum insulin with free testosterone. Hyperandrogenemia without hyperinsulinemia was found in 56% adolescent and 60% adult PCOS patients. 82% adolescent and 88% adult PCOS patients showed multiple follicles (> 5) on ultrasound. The ovarian morphology had positive correlation with serum LH and free testosterone. The mean ovarian volume was significantly higher in adult (10.48 ± 4.38 vs. 4.17 ± 0.91) and adolescent (11.08 ± 5.82 vs. 4.23 ± 0.89) PCOS patients, when compared with controls, respectively.
Conclusion: No statistically significant difference was noted in PCOS between adults and adolescents. © Federation of Obstetric & Gynecological Societies of India 2021.