Falko Fend1,2, Irina Bonzheim3,4, Vinodh Kakkassery5, Ludwig M Heindl6,7, Gerald Illerhaus8,9. 1. Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr. 8, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland. Falko.fend@med.uni-tuebingen.de. 2. Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Tübingen-Stuttgart, Deutschland. Falko.fend@med.uni-tuebingen.de. 3. Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr. 8, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland. 4. Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Tübingen-Stuttgart, Deutschland. 5. Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland. 6. Zentrum für Augenheilkunde, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Köln, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland. 7. Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie (CIO) Aachen-Bonn-Köln-Düsseldorf, Köln, Deutschland. 8. Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie, Stammzelltransplantation und Palliativmedizin, Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart gKAöR | Standort Mitte, Katharinenhospital, Kriegsbergstr. 60, 70174, Stuttgart, Deutschland. g.illerhaus@klinikum-stuttgart.de. 9. Stuttgart Cancer Center/Tumorzentrum Eva Mayr-Stihl, Stuttgart, Deutschland. g.illerhaus@klinikum-stuttgart.de.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Malignant lymphomas of the eye and its adnexal structures account for approximately 5-15% of extranodal lymphomas. According to anatomic and biological criteria, two large groups of lymphomas in and around the eye need to be distinguished: (1) primary lymphomas of intraocular structures and (2) primary lymphomas of ocular adnexa. Furthermore, there is a large spectrum of secondary manifestations of malignant lymphomas in ocular and periocular structures. OBJECTIVE: This article gives a summary of the classification and molecular pathology of various intraocular and periocular lymphomas as well as oncological systemic treatment with a focus on primary vitreoretinal lymphomas. METHODS: A selective literature search was carried out in PubMed on the topic of intraocular and periocular lymphomas and own experiences are presented. RESULTS: The treatment of primary vitreoretinal lymphomas (PVRL) is an interdisciplinary challenge and despite the apparently localized disease, systemic treatment concepts are necessary to reduce the high risk of secondary involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, it is crucial that the substances used can penetrate the CNS, and protocols should be chosen in accordance with the treatment concepts for primary CNS lymphomas. The knowledge on the genetics and biology of ocular lymphomas generated by modern high throughput methods enable not only improved diagnostics using molecular methods but also provide rationales for targeted therapeutic approaches. CONCLUSION: A deep understanding of the biological and molecular principles of intraocular and periocular lymphomas forms a basic prerequisite for precise diagnostics and the use of targeted systemic treatment.
BACKGROUND: Malignant lymphomas of the eye and its adnexal structures account for approximately 5-15% of extranodal lymphomas. According to anatomic and biological criteria, two large groups of lymphomas in and around the eye need to be distinguished: (1) primary lymphomas of intraocular structures and (2) primary lymphomas of ocular adnexa. Furthermore, there is a large spectrum of secondary manifestations of malignant lymphomas in ocular and periocular structures. OBJECTIVE: This article gives a summary of the classification and molecular pathology of various intraocular and periocular lymphomas as well as oncological systemic treatment with a focus on primary vitreoretinal lymphomas. METHODS: A selective literature search was carried out in PubMed on the topic of intraocular and periocular lymphomas and own experiences are presented. RESULTS: The treatment of primary vitreoretinal lymphomas (PVRL) is an interdisciplinary challenge and despite the apparently localized disease, systemic treatment concepts are necessary to reduce the high risk of secondary involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, it is crucial that the substances used can penetrate the CNS, and protocols should be chosen in accordance with the treatment concepts for primary CNS lymphomas. The knowledge on the genetics and biology of ocular lymphomas generated by modern high throughput methods enable not only improved diagnostics using molecular methods but also provide rationales for targeted therapeutic approaches. CONCLUSION: A deep understanding of the biological and molecular principles of intraocular and periocular lymphomas forms a basic prerequisite for precise diagnostics and the use of targeted systemic treatment.
Authors: S A Grimm; J S Pulido; K Jahnke; D Schiff; A J Hall; T N Shenkier; T Siegal; N D Doolittle; T Batchelor; U Herrlinger; E A Neuwelt; N Laperriere; M C Chamberlain; J Y Blay; A J M Ferreri; A M P Omuro; E Thiel; L E Abrey Journal: Ann Oncol Date: 2007-09-05 Impact factor: 32.976
Authors: Bjoern Chapuy; Margaretha G M Roemer; Chip Stewart; Yuxiang Tan; Ryan P Abo; Liye Zhang; Andrew J Dunford; David M Meredith; Aaron R Thorner; Ekaterina S Jordanova; Gang Liu; Friedrich Feuerhake; Matthew D Ducar; Gerald Illerhaus; Daniel Gusenleitner; Erica A Linden; Heather H Sun; Heather Homer; Miyuki Aono; Geraldine S Pinkus; Azra H Ligon; Keith L Ligon; Judith A Ferry; Gordon J Freeman; Paul van Hummelen; Todd R Golub; Gad Getz; Scott J Rodig; Daphne de Jong; Stefano Monti; Margaret A Shipp Journal: Blood Date: 2015-12-23 Impact factor: 22.113