Xian Jin1, Yan Huang2, Hyo Kyung Yoo3, Se Yeon Lee3, Yang Sook Chun4, Ki Yong Hong5, Hak Chang6. 1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Korea. 2. Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Stem Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Korea. 3. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea. 4. Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Korea. 5. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea. kyhong@snu.ac.kr. 6. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea. hchang@snu.ac.kr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL) is a novel technique for fat grafting that combines the grafting of autologous fat and adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) to enhance fat graft retention; however, its oncologic safety is controversial. METHODS: Herein, we investigated the oncologic safety of CAL for breast reconstruction using a murine model of residual breast cancer. Various concentrations of 4T1 cells (murine breast cancer cells) were injected into female mastectomized BALB/c mice to determine the appropriate concentration for injection. One week after injection, mice were divided into control (100 μL fat), low CAL (2.5 × 105 ASCs/100 μL fat), and high CAL (1.0 × 106 ASCs/100 μL fat) groups, and fat grafting was performed. The injection of 5.0 × 103 4T1 cells was appropriate to produce a murine model of residual breast cancer. RESULTS: The weight of the fat tumor mass was significantly higher in the high CAL group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). However, the estimated tumor weight was not significantly different between the groups. Additionally, the fat graft survival rate was significantly higher in the high CAL group than in the control and low CAL groups (p < 0.05). No significant difference was noted in the percentage of Ki-67-positive cells, suggesting that tumor proliferation was not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: In summary, CAL significantly improved fat graft survival without affecting tumor size and proliferation in a murine model of residual breast cancer. These results highlight the oncologic safety of CAL for breast reconstruction. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
BACKGROUND: Cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL) is a novel technique for fat grafting that combines the grafting of autologous fat and adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) to enhance fat graft retention; however, its oncologic safety is controversial. METHODS: Herein, we investigated the oncologic safety of CAL for breast reconstruction using a murine model of residual breast cancer. Various concentrations of 4T1 cells (murine breast cancer cells) were injected into female mastectomized BALB/c mice to determine the appropriate concentration for injection. One week after injection, mice were divided into control (100 μL fat), low CAL (2.5 × 105 ASCs/100 μL fat), and high CAL (1.0 × 106 ASCs/100 μL fat) groups, and fat grafting was performed. The injection of 5.0 × 103 4T1 cells was appropriate to produce a murine model of residual breast cancer. RESULTS: The weight of the fat tumor mass was significantly higher in the high CAL group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). However, the estimated tumor weight was not significantly different between the groups. Additionally, the fat graft survival rate was significantly higher in the high CAL group than in the control and low CAL groups (p < 0.05). No significant difference was noted in the percentage of Ki-67-positive cells, suggesting that tumor proliferation was not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: In summary, CAL significantly improved fat graft survival without affecting tumor size and proliferation in a murine model of residual breast cancer. These results highlight the oncologic safety of CAL for breast reconstruction. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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