Luciana Cordeiro1, Juliana Rizzo Gnatta2, Caroline Lopes Ciofi-Silva3, Amy Price2, Naila Albertina de Oliveira4, Rodrigo M A Almeida5, Giulia M Mainardi3, Shrinidhy Srinivas2, Whitney Chan2, Anna Sara S Levin6, Maria Clara Padoveze3. 1. School of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: lucordeiro.to@gmail.com. 2. Stanford Anesthesia and Informatics Media Lab, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA. 3. School of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 4. Graduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 5. Federal University of Itajubá, Itajubá, MG, Brazil. 6. Clinical Hospital of Faculty of Medicine of University of Sao Paulo. R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, including the proper use of protective personal equipment (PPE), in health care is complex and is influenced by many factors. Isolated interventions do not have the potential to achieve optimal PPE adherence and appropriate provision, leading to incomplete PPE implementation. OBJECTIVE: To map PPE implementation in health care with a focus on its barriers and facilitators. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted across 14 electronic databases using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. RESULTS: Seventy-four papers were included in the review. Findings were analyzed and synthesized into categories to match the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains. The content was then synthesized into barriers for PPE implementation and interventions to address them. The main barriers were discomfort in clinical work; shortage, supply and logistics problems; inadequacies in facilities infrastructure, weakness in policies and communication procedures; and health workers' (HW) psychological issues and lack of preparedness. Implementation interventions reported were related to HW wellbeing assurance; work reorganization; IPC protocols; adoption of strategies to improve communication and HW training; and adoption of structural and organizational changes to improve PPE adherence. CONCLUSIONS: PPE implementation, which is critical IPC programs, involves multilevel transdisciplinary complexity. It relies on the development of context-driven implementation strategies to inform and harmonize IPC policy in collaboration with local and international health bodies.
BACKGROUND: Adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, including the proper use of protective personal equipment (PPE), in health care is complex and is influenced by many factors. Isolated interventions do not have the potential to achieve optimal PPE adherence and appropriate provision, leading to incomplete PPE implementation. OBJECTIVE: To map PPE implementation in health care with a focus on its barriers and facilitators. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted across 14 electronic databases using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. RESULTS: Seventy-four papers were included in the review. Findings were analyzed and synthesized into categories to match the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains. The content was then synthesized into barriers for PPE implementation and interventions to address them. The main barriers were discomfort in clinical work; shortage, supply and logistics problems; inadequacies in facilities infrastructure, weakness in policies and communication procedures; and health workers' (HW) psychological issues and lack of preparedness. Implementation interventions reported were related to HW wellbeing assurance; work reorganization; IPC protocols; adoption of strategies to improve communication and HW training; and adoption of structural and organizational changes to improve PPE adherence. CONCLUSIONS: PPE implementation, which is critical IPC programs, involves multilevel transdisciplinary complexity. It relies on the development of context-driven implementation strategies to inform and harmonize IPC policy in collaboration with local and international health bodies.