| Literature DB >> 35903842 |
Hongyan Li1, Huan Yang1, Chenyi Ma1, Wanyue Zhang1, Qingyu Xu1, Mingxue Chen1, Youning Ma1.
Abstract
Rice is a major dietary staple in many communities owing to its high nutritional value and characteristic aroma. Oryzanol, a mixture of ferulic acid esters of triterpene alcohols and phytosterols, is a major group of phytochemicals found in rice. 24-Methylenecycloartanyl ferulate (24MCA-FA), cycloartenyl ferulate (CA-FA), and campestanyl ferulate (Camp-FA) have been identified as the primary components of oryzanol. At present, for the quantification of oryzanol in rice and rice products, UV spectroscopy or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is widely employed. However, these methods cannot differentiate individual oryzanols, resulting in higher measured values. To extract oryzanol, methods including liquid-liquid extraction, acidulation extraction, and direct solvent extraction have been typically employed, as they do not require specific extraction instrumentation. However, there has been no systematic study on the direct solvent extraction and purification conditions of oryzanol in rice. In this study, a rapid and accurate analytical method based on HPLC-MS/MS and mixed-mode anion exchange (MAX) solid-phase extraction was established to determine the content of three oryzanols (24MCA-FA, CA-FA, and Camp-FA) in rice. The MS parameters, such as the collision energy of three ion pairs of each oryzanol, were optimized. Further, the chromatographic separation conditions and response intensities of the oryzanols in different mobile phases were compared. The effects of different pretreatment conditions on the extraction efficiency of the three oryzanols in rice samples and different purification conditions on their recovery were investigated. Combined with the external standard method, the three oryzanols in rice were successfully quantified. The results showed that the baseline separation and highest response for the three oryzanols were achieved using the Agilent Eclipse XDB-C8 chromatographic column (150 mm×2.1 mm, 3.5 μm) when methanol∶ acetonitrile in a 1∶1 ratio (v/v) and an aqueous solution of 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate were used as the mobile phases for gradient elution. The extraction rate of the three oryzanols was highest when using 2.5 g of the sample, adding 20 mL of methanol, soaking for 12 h, ultrasonicating at a temperature of 40 ℃ for 20 min, and centrifuging the extracted solutions at 4500 r/min for 10 min. The samples were purified by MAX, and the sample matrix effect was found to be lesser than 1.6%-10.8%. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves of the three oryzanols showed good linearity (correlation coefficients r2≥0.9983) within their respective linear ranges. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.5-1.0 μg/L, and limits of quantification were in the range of 2.0-3.5 μg/L. Accuracy and precision experiments were performed on rice samples spiked at three levels (2, 5, and 10 times the background concentration), with three replicates. The average recoveries of the three oryzanols ranged from 86.1% to 110.6%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were between 0.9% and 3.2%. The method showed good performance when applied to the analysis of real samples. In conclusion, the developed method can determine the content of the three oryzanols in rice quickly and accurately, and can be used for the subsequent measurement of oryzanol compounds in rice.Entities:
Keywords: high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS); mixed-mode solid-phase extraction; oryzanol; rice
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2022 PMID: 35903842 PMCID: PMC9404047 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.12016
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Se Pu ISSN: 1000-8713
3种谷维素在多反应监测模式下的质谱参数
| Compound | Parent | Product | Declustering | Collision |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Campesteryl ferulate | 575.4 | 560.4* | -50.45 | -51.46 |
| (Camp-FA) | 193.0 | -50.45 | -49.25 | |
| Cycloartenyl ferulate | 601.4 | 586.6* | -56.86 | -55.60 |
| (CA-FA) | 175.0 | -56.86 | -55.89 | |
| 24-Methylenecycloartenyl | 615.5 | 600.5* | -63.45 | -56.64 |
| ferulate (24MCA-FA) | 175.3 | -63.45 | -58.28 |
* Quantitative ion.
图1不同流动相B对3种谷维素分离度及色谱峰的影响
正交实验结果
| No. | Solid-liquid ratio/ | φ(Methanol)/ | Soak | Ultrasonic | Ultrasonic | Camp-FA/ | 24MCA-FA/ | CA-FA/ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1∶15 | 85 | 6 | 35 | 20 | 0.36 | 2.66 | 1.10 |
| 2 | 1∶15 | 90 | 9 | 40 | 30 | 0.42 | 3.46 | 1.42 |
| 3 | 1∶15 | 95 | 12 | 45 | 40 | 0.53 | 5.10 | 1.93 |
| 4 | 1∶15 | 100 | 15 | 50 | 50 | 0.52 | 3.45 | 1.31 |
| 5 | 1∶20 | 85 | 9 | 45 | 50 | 0.30 | 2.30 | 0.91 |
| 6 | 1∶20 | 90 | 6 | 50 | 40 | 0.58 | 4.56 | 1.80 |
| 7 | 1∶20 | 95 | 15 | 35 | 30 | 0.50 | 3.94 | 1.55 |
| 8 | 1∶20 | 100 | 12 | 40 | 20 | 0.63 | 6.16 | 2.24 |
| 9 | 1∶25 | 85 | 12 | 50 | 30 | 0.28 | 3.24 | 1.34 |
| 10 | 1∶25 | 90 | 15 | 45 | 20 | 0.38 | 3.82 | 1.56 |
| 11 | 1∶25 | 95 | 6 | 40 | 50 | 0.50 | 3.50 | 1.37 |
| 12 | 1∶25 | 100 | 9 | 35 | 40 | 0.50 | 3.22 | 1.25 |
| 13 | 1∶30 | 85 | 15 | 40 | 40 | 0.29 | 2.31 | 0.95 |
| 14 | 1∶30 | 90 | 12 | 35 | 50 | 0.47 | 3.68 | 1.47 |
| 15 | 1∶30 | 95 | 9 | 50 | 20 | 0.49 | 3.19 | 1.25 |
| 16 | 1∶30 | 100 | 6 | 45 | 30 | 0.56 | 4.30 | 1.63 |
| K1 | 5.56 | 4.01 | 5.73 | 5.17 | 5.96 | |||
| K2 | 6.37 | 5.90 | 4.67 | 5.85 | 5.66 | |||
| K3 | 5.24 | 5.96 | 6.77 | 5.83 | 5.75 | |||
| K4 | 5.15 | 6.44 | 5.14 | 5.5 | 4.94 | |||
| R | 1.22 | 2.43 | 2.09 | 0.65 | 1.02 |
图2不同甲醇体积分数的上样溶剂对3种谷维素 穿透率的影响(n=3)
图3不同甲酸体积分数的洗脱液对3种谷维素 回收率的影响(n=3)
图 4稻米中3种谷维素在净化前、后的基质效应
3种谷维素的线性方程、线性范围、相关系数、检出限和定量限
| Compound | Linear equation | Linear range/(μg/L) | r2 | LOD/(μg/L) | LOQ/(μg/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Camp-FA | y=2.45×105x+1.21×104 | 1.0-500.0 | 0.9991 | 0.5 | 2.0 |
| CA-FA | y=2.31×105x+6.33×103 | 1.0-500.0 | 0.9992 | 0.5 | 2.0 |
| 24MCA-FA | y=4.24×104x-9.44×103 | 5.0-1000.0 | 0.9983 | 1.0 | 3.5 |
y: peak area; x: mass concentration, μg/L.
稻米中3种谷维素的加标回收率及精密度(n=3)
| Compound | Background/ | Added/ | Found/ | Recovery/ | RSD/ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Camp-FA | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.96 | 110.1 | 2.6 |
| 1.5 | 1.76 | 97.6 | 2.1 | ||
| 3.0 | 3.17 | 95.5 | 1.0 | ||
| CA-FA | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.58 | 108.5 | 0.9 |
| 2.5 | 2.65 | 86.1 | 1.3 | ||
| 5.0 | 5.27 | 95.5 | 2.1 | ||
| 24MCA-FA | 2.5 | 5.0 | 8.03 | 110.6 | 1.6 |
| 12.5 | 14.52 | 96.2 | 3.2 | ||
| 25.0 | 28.40 | 103.6 | 3.1 |
实际样品中3种谷维素的含量测定结果
| No. | Species | Sample name | Camp-FA/(mg/kg) | 24MCA-FA/(mg/kg) | CA-FA/(mg/kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | conventional Indica rice | Zhongzao 39 | 1.68 | 17.19 | 3.08 |
| 2 | Huanghuazhan | 2.92 | 25.57 | 5.50 | |
| 3 | conventional Japonica rice | Jia 67 | 2.06 | 17.19 | 9.28 |
| 4 | Indica Hybrid rice | Zhongzheyou 8 | 5.57 | 42.51 | 8.95 |
| 5 | Huazheyou 1 | 3.07 | 25.48 | 5.39 | |
| 6 | Japonica Hybrid rice | Jiayou 5 | 2.49 | 24.70 | 6.89 |
| 7 | Indica Japonica Hybrid | Yongyou 1540 | 3.90 | 32.49 | 6.44 |