| Literature DB >> 35899451 |
Naisheng Gao1, Tao Xin1.
Abstract
Leptomeningeal metastases (LM), a special type of metastasis in advanced lung cancer, is known for its severe clinical symptoms, rapid progression and poor prognosis. LM used to be featured with low clinical diagnosis rate, limited treatment options, poor treatment efficacy, and very short survival if treatment not given. Though cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology remains to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of LM, the positive rate of the first CSF cytology even in patients with suggestive clinical symptoms and positive imaging generally does not exceed 50%, leading to a delay in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with LM. With the progress of targeted therapy for driver gene-positive lung cancer and immunotherapy for driver gene-negative lung cancer, the overall survival of patients with lung cancer has been prolonged, meanwhile incidence of LM has been increasing year by year. Current clinical research in this field center around how to improve diagnosis rate and to find effective treatment approaches. This paper reviews advances in diagnosis and treatment of LM of lung cancer.. .Entities:
Keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid cytology; Diagnosis; Leptomeningeal metastases; Lung neoplasms; Treatment
Mesh:
Year: 2022 PMID: 35899451 PMCID: PMC9346159 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.102.25
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi ISSN: 1009-3419
文献中的治疗效果
Therapeutic effects in the literature
| Reference | Number of patients | Study design | Treatment | Results |
| ITC: intrathecal chemotherapy; BM: brain metastases; LM: leptomeningeal disease; mOS: median overall survival; mPFS: median progression-free survival; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; EGFR-TKIs: epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer. | ||||
| Yang | 41 | Phase Ⅰ; Prospective | Osimertinib | mOS: 11 mon PFS: 8.6 mon |
| Schuler | 81 | Retrospective | Afatinib | PFS: 8.2 mon |
| Hoffknecht | 573 (100 BM/LM) | Retrospective | Afatinib | mOS: 3.6 mon |
| Gainor | 4 | Case report | Alectinib | Three of four patients experienced significant clinical and radiographic improvements in LM upon treatment with Alectinib |
| Yamamoto | 1 | Case report | Ceritinib, Alectinib, Brigatinib and Lorlatinib | The overall time from the start of Crizotinib to Lorlatinib is 89.5 mon without relapse |
| Felip | 139 | Phase Ⅱ; Prospective | Lorlatinib | mPFS: 6.6 mon |
| Jackman | 7 | Phase Ⅰ; Prospective | Erlotinib 750 mg ( | mOS: 3.5 mon |
| Clarke | 2 | Case report | Erlotinib 1, 000 mg/wk-1, 500 mg/wk | Improved outcome for LM from NSCLC may be achieved by strategies that yield higher CSF levels of EGFR-TKIs |
| Fan | 30 | Phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ; Prospective | ITC | mOS: 9 mon |