Jian Li1, Ruili Sun2, Lixiang He1, Guoyi Sui1, Wenyu Di1, Jian Yu1, Wei Su1, Zenggang Pan3, Yu Zhang4, Jinghang Zhang1, Feng Ren1,4,5. 1. Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China. 2. Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China. 3. Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06520, US. 4. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China. 5. Henan International Joint Laboratory of Immunity and Targeted Therapy for liver-Intestinal Tumors Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Despite recent research highlighting the critical function of RIO kinase 3 (RIOK3) in a variety of malignancies, a comprehensive evaluation of RIOK3 in human tumors is absent. Our study helps to clarify the molecular mechanism of RIOK3 in carcinogenesis from multiple perspectives. METHODS: Our research looked into the potential oncogenic role of RIOK3 in 33 cancers using TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), GTEx (Genotype-Tissue Expression Project), GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) datasets, and several bioinformatics tools. RESULTS: RIOK3 expression in tumors is disordered compared to normal tissue, and it is highly linked with the level of MMR (Mismatch repair) gene mutations and DNA methyltransferase expression. According to univariate survival analysis, it could be used as an independent prognostic factor. Further investigation demonstrated that RIOK3 expression was correlated with cancer-associated fibroblast, neutrophil, and endothelial infiltration levels in kidney cancer and was positively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoint markers in different cancers. The functional pathways of RIOK3 also included cell-cell adhesion, protein phosphorylation, and innate immune-related functions. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that RIOK3 could be used as an immunological and prognostic biomarker in various malignant tumors. AJTR
OBJECTIVES: Despite recent research highlighting the critical function of RIO kinase 3 (RIOK3) in a variety of malignancies, a comprehensive evaluation of RIOK3 in human tumors is absent. Our study helps to clarify the molecular mechanism of RIOK3 in carcinogenesis from multiple perspectives. METHODS: Our research looked into the potential oncogenic role of RIOK3 in 33 cancers using TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), GTEx (Genotype-Tissue Expression Project), GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) datasets, and several bioinformatics tools. RESULTS: RIOK3 expression in tumors is disordered compared to normal tissue, and it is highly linked with the level of MMR (Mismatch repair) gene mutations and DNA methyltransferase expression. According to univariate survival analysis, it could be used as an independent prognostic factor. Further investigation demonstrated that RIOK3 expression was correlated with cancer-associated fibroblast, neutrophil, and endothelial infiltration levels in kidney cancer and was positively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoint markers in different cancers. The functional pathways of RIOK3 also included cell-cell adhesion, protein phosphorylation, and innate immune-related functions. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that RIOK3 could be used as an immunological and prognostic biomarker in various malignant tumors. AJTR
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