Mediha Nur Nisanci Yilmaz1, Cansu Koseoglu Secgin2, Mehmet Ozgur Ozemre3, Elif İnonu4, Serhat Aslan5,6, Sule Bulut4. 1. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. mnur_nisanci@hotmail.com. 2. Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. 3. Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey. 4. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. 5. Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. 6. Private Office Dr. Aslan, İzmir, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Gingival phenotype is closely related to treatment success and aesthetic results in the maxillary anterior region. Several methods were proposed to measure the dimensions of the gingival tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the gingival thickness using clinical and radiographic techniques and to explore the association between gingival thickness and gingival phenotypes classified by color-coded phenotype probes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The gingival thickness of 86 periodontally healthy maxillary anterior teeth was assessed using transgingival probing (TGP) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The gingival phenotype was classified as thin, medium, thick, or very thick by transparency of the color-coded probes through the gingival sulcus. The labial alveolar bone thickness was measured on CBCT images. The keratinized tissue width (KTW) was recorded. RESULTS: Good to excellent agreement was found between TGP and CBCT regarding the thickness of the gingiva (p<0.001). There was a very high correlation between the phenotypes determined by color-coded probes and the gingival thickness measured by TGP (r=0.953, p<0.001). KTW was significantly higher in thick and very thick phenotype groups compared with thin phenotype group. CONCLUSION: Cone-beam computed tomography images and the probe transparency method with color-coded probes are reliable for identifying the gingival phenotype in the maxillary anterior region, based on comparisons to direct transgingival probing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The assessment of the gingival phenotype is essential, especially in the aesthetic zone, to obtain predictable and favorable clinical outcomes in various dental procedures. The newly introduced color-coded probes comprise a non-invasive and reliable method for this.
OBJECTIVES: Gingival phenotype is closely related to treatment success and aesthetic results in the maxillary anterior region. Several methods were proposed to measure the dimensions of the gingival tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the gingival thickness using clinical and radiographic techniques and to explore the association between gingival thickness and gingival phenotypes classified by color-coded phenotype probes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The gingival thickness of 86 periodontally healthy maxillary anterior teeth was assessed using transgingival probing (TGP) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The gingival phenotype was classified as thin, medium, thick, or very thick by transparency of the color-coded probes through the gingival sulcus. The labial alveolar bone thickness was measured on CBCT images. The keratinized tissue width (KTW) was recorded. RESULTS: Good to excellent agreement was found between TGP and CBCT regarding the thickness of the gingiva (p<0.001). There was a very high correlation between the phenotypes determined by color-coded probes and the gingival thickness measured by TGP (r=0.953, p<0.001). KTW was significantly higher in thick and very thick phenotype groups compared with thin phenotype group. CONCLUSION: Cone-beam computed tomography images and the probe transparency method with color-coded probes are reliable for identifying the gingival phenotype in the maxillary anterior region, based on comparisons to direct transgingival probing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The assessment of the gingival phenotype is essential, especially in the aesthetic zone, to obtain predictable and favorable clinical outcomes in various dental procedures. The newly introduced color-coded probes comprise a non-invasive and reliable method for this.
Authors: Valerie Ronay; Philipp Sahrmann; Andreas Bindl; Thomas Attin; Patrick R Schmidlin Journal: J Esthet Restor Dent Date: 2011-05-09 Impact factor: 2.843
Authors: Søren Jepsen; Jack G Caton; Jasim M Albandar; Nabil F Bissada; Philippe Bouchard; Pierpaolo Cortellini; Korkud Demirel; Massimo de Sanctis; Carlo Ercoli; Jingyuan Fan; Nicolaas C Geurs; Francis J Hughes; Lijian Jin; Alpdogan Kantarci; Evanthia Lalla; Phoebus N Madianos; Debora Matthews; Michael K McGuire; Michael P Mills; Philip M Preshaw; Mark A Reynolds; Anton Sculean; Cristiano Susin; Nicola X West; Kazuhisa Yamazaki Journal: J Periodontol Date: 2018-06 Impact factor: 6.993