Yoshiaki Ota1, Prabesh Kanel2,3,4, Nicolaas Bohnen2,3,4,5,6. 1. The Division of Neuroradiology. 2. The Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology. 3. Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, University of Michigan. 4. University of Michigan Parkinson's Foundation Research Center of Excellence. 5. Department of Neurology, University of Michigan. 6. GRECC & Neurology Service, VAAAHS, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Neuroimaging has been advanced in the last years and enabled clinicians to evaluate sleep disorders, especially isolated rapid eye movement sleep disorder (iRBD), which can be seen in alpha-synucleinopathies. iRBD is the best prodromal clinical marker for phenoconversion to these neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to provide an update on advanced neuroimaging biomarkers in iRBD. RECENT FINDINGS: Advanced structural MRI techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI, neuromelanin-sensitive MRI, and scintigraphic neuroimaging such as cholinergic PET, dopamine transporter imaging - single-photon emission computerized tomography, perfusional single-photon emission computerized tomography, and cardiac metaiodobenzylguanidine can provide diagnostic and prognostic imaging biomarkers for iRBD, in isolation and more robustly when combined. SUMMARY: New advanced neuroimaging can provide imaging biomarkers and aid in the appropriate clinical assessment and future therapeutic trials.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Neuroimaging has been advanced in the last years and enabled clinicians to evaluate sleep disorders, especially isolated rapid eye movement sleep disorder (iRBD), which can be seen in alpha-synucleinopathies. iRBD is the best prodromal clinical marker for phenoconversion to these neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to provide an update on advanced neuroimaging biomarkers in iRBD. RECENT FINDINGS: Advanced structural MRI techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI, neuromelanin-sensitive MRI, and scintigraphic neuroimaging such as cholinergic PET, dopamine transporter imaging - single-photon emission computerized tomography, perfusional single-photon emission computerized tomography, and cardiac metaiodobenzylguanidine can provide diagnostic and prognostic imaging biomarkers for iRBD, in isolation and more robustly when combined. SUMMARY: New advanced neuroimaging can provide imaging biomarkers and aid in the appropriate clinical assessment and future therapeutic trials.
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