| Literature DB >> 35785121 |
Saroj Kumar Patra1, Saurav Narayan Nanda2, Bishnu Prasad Patro2, Nabin Kumar Sahu2, Chitta Ranjan Mohnaty1, Mantu Jain2.
Abstract
Objective To compare the effectiveness of the early accelerated rehabilitation and delayed conservative rehabilitation protocols after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, in terms of the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, pain (according to the Visual Analog Scale), laxity, and stiffness one year postoperatively to determine the best outcome. Materials and Methods A total of 80 subjects were divided into 2e groups (early accelerated group and delayed conservative group), which were analyzed by the Pearson Chi-squared and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results One year postoperatively, knee laxity was significantly higher ( p = 0.039) in the early accelerated group compared with the delayed conservative group. Regarding postoperative pain (according to the Visual Analogue Scale) and IKDC scores, both groups presented similar results. The postoperative range of motion was better in the early accelerated group, but this was not statistically significant ( p = 0.36). Conclusion One year postoperatively, the early accelerated rehabilitation protocol was associated with significant knee laxity compared to the delayed conservative rehabilitation protocol. Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).Entities:
Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament injuries; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; rehabilitation
Year: 2022 PMID: 35785121 PMCID: PMC9246531 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748970
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 0102-3616
Fig. 1Flowchart of the protocols followed by each study group.
Fig. 2Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) flow diagram showing randomization and group allocation.
Demographics of the study groups
| Variables | Early rehabilitation | Delayed rehabilitation | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years: | 34 (28–39) [18–60] | 33 (26–38) [18–60] | 0.66 |
| Male gender: mean (%) | 37 (92.5%) | 36 (90%) | 0.99 |
| Height in cm: | 165.3 (159.1–172) [152–179.2] | 164.8 (158.4–171.8) [151.9–179] | 0.57 |
| Weight in kg: | 65 (58–70) [54.4–82] | 65.6 (60.1–72.2) [53.4–82.6] | 0.76 |
|
BMI in kg/m
2
:
| 24 (22–27) [16–38] | 26 (22.6–27.4) [15.8–29] | 0.43 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; IQR, interquartile range.
Preoperative (baseline) characteristics of the study groups
| Variables | Early rehabilitation | Delayed rehabilitation | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| 49 (45–52.1) | 48.2 (44.8–52.1) | 0.75 |
|
| 0.78 | ||
| Mild | 34 (85%) | 32 (80%) | |
| Moderate | 6 (15%) | 8 (20%) | |
| Severe | 0 | 0 | |
|
| 0.216 | ||
| < 90° (low) | 0 | 0 | |
| 90°–120° (medium) | 8 (20%) | 15 (37.5%) | |
| > 120° (good) | 32 (80%) | 25 (62.5%) |
Abbreviation: IKDC, International Knee Documentation Committee; IQR, interquartile range.
Fig. 3Bar diagram showing the postoperative range of motion of the study groups.
Postoperative (follow up after one year) characteristics of the study groups
| Variables | Early rehabilitation | Delayed rehabilitation | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| 89.5 (85.2–92.1) | 89.6 (85.4–92.5) | 0.91 |
|
| 0.51 | ||
| Mild | 38 (95%) | 38 (95%) | |
| Moderate | 1 (2.5%) | 2 (5%) | |
| Severe | 1 (2.5%) | 0 | |
|
| 0.36 | ||
| < 90° (low) | 4 (10%) | 5 (12.5%) | |
| 90°–120° (medium) | 7 (17.5%) | 13 (32.5%) | |
| > 120° (good) | 29 (72.5%) | 22 (55%) | |
|
|
| ||
| No laxity | 27 (67.5%) | 37 (92.5%) | |
| Grade 1 | 10 (25%) | 3 (7.5%) | |
| Grade 2 | 2 (5%) | 0 | |
| Grade 3 | 1 (2.5%) | 0 |
Abbreviation: IKDC, International Knee Documentation Committee.
Note: *Statistically significant.
Fig. 4Bar diagram showing the postoperative laxity of the study groups.
Fig. 1Fluxograma dos protocolos seguidos por cada grupo de estudo.
Fig. 2Diagrama de fluxo do Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) que mostra a randomização e a alocação dos grupos.
Características demográficas dos grupos de estudo
| Características | Reabilitação precoce | Reabilitação retardada |
Valor de
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Idade em anos: | 34 (28–39) [18–60] | 33 (26–38) [18–60] | 0,66 |
| Gênero masculino: média (%) | 37 (92,5%) | 36 (90%) | 0,99 |
| Altura em cm: | 165,3 (159,1–172) [152–179,2] | 164,8 (158,4–171,8) [151,9–179] | 0,57 |
| Peso em Kg: | 65 (58–70) [54,4–82] | 65,6 (60,1–72,2) [53,4–82,6] | 0,76 |
|
IMC em Kg/m
2
:
| 24 (22–27) [16–38] | 26 (22,6-27,4) [15,8–29] | 0,43 |
Abreviaturas: IIQ, intervalo interquartil; IMC, índice de massa corporal.
Características pré-operatórias (de referência) dos grupos de estudo
| Variáveis | Reabilitação precoce | Reabilitação retardada |
Valor de
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
| 49 (45–52,1) | 48,2 (44,8–52,1) | 0,75 |
|
| 0,78 | ||
| Leve | 34 (85%) | 32 (80%) | |
| Moderada | 6 (15%) | 8 (20%) | |
| Grave | 0 | 0 | |
|
| 0,216 | ||
| < 90° (baixa) | 0 | 0 | |
| 90°-120° (média) | 8 (20%) | 15 (37,5%) | |
| > 120° (boa) | 32 (80%) | 25 (62,5%) |
Abreviaturas: IIQ, intervalo interquartil; IKDC, International Knee Documentation Committee (Comitê Internacional de Documentação do Joelho).
Fig. 3Diagrama de barra que mostra a amplitude de movimento pós-operatória dos grupos.
Características pós-operatórias (seguimento em um ano) dos grupos de estudo
| Variáveis | Reabilitação precoce | Reabilitação retardada |
Valor de
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
| 89,5 (85,2–92,1) | 89,6 (85,4–92,5) | 0,91 |
|
| 0,51 | ||
| Leve | 38 (95%) | 38 (95%) | |
| Moderada | 1 (2,5%) | 2 (5%) | |
| Grave | 1 (2,5%) | 0 | |
|
| 0,36 | ||
| < 90° (baixa) | 4 (10%) | 5 (12,5%) | |
| 90°-120° (média) | 7 (17,5%) | 13 (32,5%) | |
| > 120° (boa) | 29 (72,5%) | 22 (55%) | |
|
|
| ||
| Sem frouxidão | 27 (67,5%) | 37 (92,5%) | |
| Grau 1 | 10 (25%) | 3 (7,5%) | |
| Grau 2 | 2 (5%) | 0 | |
| Grau 3 | 1 (2,5%) | 0 |
Abreviaturas: IIQ, intervalo interquartil; IKDC, International Knee Documentation Committee (Comitê Internacional de Documentação do Joelho).
Nota: *Estatisticamente significativo.
Fig. 4Diagrama de barra que mostra a frouxidão pós-operatória dos grupos.