Bjarte Tidemann Andersen1,2, Bojan V Stimec3, Airazat M Kazaryan4,5,6,7,8,9, Peter Rancinger1, Bjørn Edwin2,10,11, Dejan Ignjatovic2,12. 1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway. 2. Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 3. Anatomy Sector, Teaching Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 4. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway. kazaryan@gmail.com. 5. Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. kazaryan@gmail.com. 6. Interventional Centre, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. kazaryan@gmail.com. 7. Department of Surgery, Fonna Hospital Trust, Odda, Norway. kazaryan@gmail.com. 8. Department of Faculty Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First, Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. kazaryan@gmail.com. 9. Department of Surgery N 2, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia. kazaryan@gmail.com. 10. Interventional Centre, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. 11. Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. 12. Department of Digestive Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The splenic flexure is irrigated from two vascular areas, both from the middle colic and the left colic artery. The challenge for the surgeon is to connect these two vascular areas in an oncological safe procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The vascular anatomy, manually 3D reconstructed from 32 preoperative high-resolution CT datasets using Osirix MD, Mimics Medical and 3-matic Medical Datasets, were exported as STL-files, video clips, stills and supplemented with 3D printed models. RESULTS: Our first major finding was the difference in level between the middle colic and the inferior mesenteric artery origins. We have named this relationship a mesenteric inter-arterial stair. The middle colic artery origin could be found cranial (median 3.38 cm) or caudal (median 0.58 cm) to the inferior mesenteric artery. The lateral distance between the two origins was 2.63 cm (median), and the straight distance 4.23 cm (median). The second finding was the different trajectories and confluence pattern of the inferior mesenteric vein. This vein ended in the superior mesenteric/jejunal vein (21 patients) or in the splenic vein (11 patients). The inferior mesenteric vein confluence could be infrapancreatic (17 patients), infrapancreatic with retropancreatic arch (7 patients) or retropancreatic (8 patients). Lastly, the accessory middle colic artery was present in ten patients presenting another pathway for lymphatic dissemination. CONCLUSION: The IMV trajectory when accessible, is the solution to the mesenteric inter-arterial stair. The surgeon could safely follow the IMV to its confluence. When the IMV trajectory is not accessible, the surgeon could follow the caudal border of the pancreas.
BACKGROUND: The splenic flexure is irrigated from two vascular areas, both from the middle colic and the left colic artery. The challenge for the surgeon is to connect these two vascular areas in an oncological safe procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The vascular anatomy, manually 3D reconstructed from 32 preoperative high-resolution CT datasets using Osirix MD, Mimics Medical and 3-matic Medical Datasets, were exported as STL-files, video clips, stills and supplemented with 3D printed models. RESULTS: Our first major finding was the difference in level between the middle colic and the inferior mesenteric artery origins. We have named this relationship a mesenteric inter-arterial stair. The middle colic artery origin could be found cranial (median 3.38 cm) or caudal (median 0.58 cm) to the inferior mesenteric artery. The lateral distance between the two origins was 2.63 cm (median), and the straight distance 4.23 cm (median). The second finding was the different trajectories and confluence pattern of the inferior mesenteric vein. This vein ended in the superior mesenteric/jejunal vein (21 patients) or in the splenic vein (11 patients). The inferior mesenteric vein confluence could be infrapancreatic (17 patients), infrapancreatic with retropancreatic arch (7 patients) or retropancreatic (8 patients). Lastly, the accessory middle colic artery was present in ten patients presenting another pathway for lymphatic dissemination. CONCLUSION: The IMV trajectory when accessible, is the solution to the mesenteric inter-arterial stair. The surgeon could safely follow the IMV to its confluence. When the IMV trajectory is not accessible, the surgeon could follow the caudal border of the pancreas.