Investigating Mitochondrial Ca2+ Dynamics in Isolated Mitochondria and Intact Cells: Application of Fluorescent Dyes and Genetic Reporters.

Mitochondrial Ca2+ buffering is a hallmark of eukaryotic cellular physiology, contributing to the spatiotemporal shaping of the cytosolic Ca2+ signals and regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Often, this process is altered in a pathological context; therefore, it can be scrutinized experimentally for therapeutic intervention. In this chapter, we describe fluorescence and bioluminescence measurement of mitochondrial Ca2+ in both isolated mitochondria and intact cells.