Rita Fidalgo-Pereira1, Daniela Carpio1, Orlanda Torres1, Oscar Carvalho2,3, Filipe Silva2,3, Bruno Henriques2,3,4, Mutlu Özcan5, Júlio C M Souza6,7,8. 1. University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, PRD, Portugal. 2. Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal. 3. Associate Laboratory (LABBELS), University of Minho, 4710-057, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal. 4. Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Group (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil. 5. Dental Materials Unit, Center of Dental Medicine, Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland. 6. University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, PRD, Portugal. jsouza@dem.uminho.pt. 7. Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal. jsouza@dem.uminho.pt. 8. Associate Laboratory (LABBELS), University of Minho, 4710-057, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal. jsouza@dem.uminho.pt.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to perform an integrative review on the effect the inorganic fillers on the light transmission through the resin-matrix composites during the light-curing procedure. METHOD: A bibliographic review was performed on PubMed using the following search terms: "fillers" OR "particle" AND "light curing" OR "polymerization" AND "light transmission" OR "light absorption" OR "light irradiance" OR "light attenuation" OR "light diffusion" AND "resin composite." The search involved articles published in English language in the last 10 years. RESULTS: Selected studies reported a decrease in biaxial strength and hardness in traditional resin-matrix composites in function of the depth of polymerization. However, there were no significant differences in biaxial strength and hardness recorded along the polymerization depth of Bulk-Fill™ composites. Strength and hardness were enhanced by increasing the size and content of inorganic fillers although some studies revealed a progressive decrease in the degree of conversion on increasing silica particle size. The translucency of glass-ceramic spherical fillers promoted light diffusion mainly in critical situations such as in the case of deep proximal regions of resin-matrix composites. CONCLUSIONS: The amount of light transmitted through the resin-matrix composites is influenced by the size, content, microstructure, and shape of the inorganic filler particles. The decrease of the degree of conversion affects negatively the physical and mechanical properties of the resin-matrix composites. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The type and content of inorganic fillers in the chemical composition of resin-matrix composites do affect their polymerization. As a consequence, the clinical performance of resin-matrix composites can be compromised leading to variable physical properties and degradation. The polymerization mode of resin-matrix composites can be improved according to the type of inorganic fillers in their chemical composition.
PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to perform an integrative review on the effect the inorganic fillers on the light transmission through the resin-matrix composites during the light-curing procedure. METHOD: A bibliographic review was performed on PubMed using the following search terms: "fillers" OR "particle" AND "light curing" OR "polymerization" AND "light transmission" OR "light absorption" OR "light irradiance" OR "light attenuation" OR "light diffusion" AND "resin composite." The search involved articles published in English language in the last 10 years. RESULTS: Selected studies reported a decrease in biaxial strength and hardness in traditional resin-matrix composites in function of the depth of polymerization. However, there were no significant differences in biaxial strength and hardness recorded along the polymerization depth of Bulk-Fill™ composites. Strength and hardness were enhanced by increasing the size and content of inorganic fillers although some studies revealed a progressive decrease in the degree of conversion on increasing silica particle size. The translucency of glass-ceramic spherical fillers promoted light diffusion mainly in critical situations such as in the case of deep proximal regions of resin-matrix composites. CONCLUSIONS: The amount of light transmitted through the resin-matrix composites is influenced by the size, content, microstructure, and shape of the inorganic filler particles. The decrease of the degree of conversion affects negatively the physical and mechanical properties of the resin-matrix composites. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The type and content of inorganic fillers in the chemical composition of resin-matrix composites do affect their polymerization. As a consequence, the clinical performance of resin-matrix composites can be compromised leading to variable physical properties and degradation. The polymerization mode of resin-matrix composites can be improved according to the type of inorganic fillers in their chemical composition.
Authors: Elisabeth A Koulaouzidou; Konstantina Roussou; Konstantinos Sidiropoulos; Alexander Nikolaidis; Ioannis Kolokuris; Andreas Tsakalof; Christina Tsitsimpikou; Dimitrios Kouretas Journal: Food Chem Toxicol Date: 2018-08-01 Impact factor: 6.023
Authors: Lígia Lopes-Rocha; Lara Ribeiro-Gonçalves; Bruno Henriques; Mutlu Özcan; Maria Elizabeth Tiritan; Júlio C M Souza Journal: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater Date: 2021-04-08 Impact factor: 3.368
Authors: Richard A Martin; Owen Addison; Slobodan Sirovica; Johanne H Solheim; Maximilian W A Skoda; Carol J Hirschmugl; Eric C Mattson; Ebrahim Aboualizadeh; Yilan Guo; Xiaohui Chen; Achim Kohler; Dan L Romanyk; Scott M Rosendahl; Suzanne Morsch Journal: Nat Commun Date: 2020-04-15 Impact factor: 14.919