Vikrant Mehta1, Jaipal Meena2, Harit Kasana2, Anjana Munshi1, Harish Chander3. 1. Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India. 2. Biotherapeutics Division, National Institute of Biologicals, Sector 62, Noida, 201309, India. 3. Biotherapeutics Division, National Institute of Biologicals, Sector 62, Noida, 201309, India. drharish.chander@nib.gov.in.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: An emerging component of Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) pathway, cation transport regulator homolog 1 (CHAC1) has been conferred with the ability to degrade intracellular glutathione and induce apoptosis, however, many reports have suggested a role of CHAC1 in cancer progression. Our study aimed to investigate CHAC1 mRNA levels in large breast cancer datasets using online tools and both mRNA and protein levels in different breast cancer cell lines. METHODS AND RESULTS: Analysis of clinical information from various online tools (UALCAN, GEPIA2, TIMER2, GENT2, UCSCXena, bcGenExMiner 4.8, Km Plotter, and Enrichr) was done to elucidate the CHAC1 mRNA expression in large breast cancer patient dataset and its correlation with disease progression. Later, in vitro techniques were employed to explore the mRNA and protein expression of CHAC1 in breast cancer cell lines. Evidence from bioinformatics analysis as well as in vitro studies indicated a high overall expression of CHAC1 in breast tumor samples and had a significant impact on the prognosis and survival of patients. Enhanced CHAC1 levels in the aggressive breast tumor subtypes such as Human Epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) were evident. Our findings hint toward the possible role of CHAC1 in facilitating the aggressiveness of breast cancer and the disease outcome. CONCLUSION: In summary, CHAC1 is constantly up-regulated in breast cancer leading to a poor prognosis. CHAC1, therefore, could be a promising candidate in the analysis of breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
BACKGROUND: An emerging component of Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) pathway, cation transport regulator homolog 1 (CHAC1) has been conferred with the ability to degrade intracellular glutathione and induce apoptosis, however, many reports have suggested a role of CHAC1 in cancer progression. Our study aimed to investigate CHAC1 mRNA levels in large breast cancer datasets using online tools and both mRNA and protein levels in different breast cancer cell lines. METHODS AND RESULTS: Analysis of clinical information from various online tools (UALCAN, GEPIA2, TIMER2, GENT2, UCSCXena, bcGenExMiner 4.8, Km Plotter, and Enrichr) was done to elucidate the CHAC1 mRNA expression in large breast cancer patient dataset and its correlation with disease progression. Later, in vitro techniques were employed to explore the mRNA and protein expression of CHAC1 in breast cancer cell lines. Evidence from bioinformatics analysis as well as in vitro studies indicated a high overall expression of CHAC1 in breast tumor samples and had a significant impact on the prognosis and survival of patients. Enhanced CHAC1 levels in the aggressive breast tumor subtypes such as Human Epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) were evident. Our findings hint toward the possible role of CHAC1 in facilitating the aggressiveness of breast cancer and the disease outcome. CONCLUSION: In summary, CHAC1 is constantly up-regulated in breast cancer leading to a poor prognosis. CHAC1, therefore, could be a promising candidate in the analysis of breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
Authors: Zhikai Chi; Jianmin Zhang; Akinori Tokunaga; Maged M Harraz; Sean T Byrne; Andrew Dolinko; Jing Xu; Seth Blackshaw; Nicholas Gaiano; Ted M Dawson; Valina L Dawson Journal: Dev Cell Date: 2012-03-22 Impact factor: 12.270