Hassan Askari1, Ehsan Raeis-Abdollahi2,3, Mohammad Foad Abazari4, Hassan Akrami1, Sina Vakili5, Amir Savardashtaki5,6, Amir Tajbakhsh7, Nima Sanadgol8, Asaad Azarnezhad9, Leila Rahmati1, Payman Raise Abdullahi10, Shohreh Zare Karizi11, Ali Reza Safarpour12. 1. Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. 2. Applied Physiology Research Center, Qom Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran. 3. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Qom Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran. 4. Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 5. Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. 6. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. 7. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. 8. Institute of Neuroanatomy, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany. 9. Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. 10. Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 11. Department of Biology, Varamin Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pishva, Varamin, Iran. Shohrehzare@yahoo.com. 12. Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. safarpourar@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, endogenous, single-stranded, small (21-25 nucleotides) RNAs. Various target genes at the post-transcriptional stage are modulated by miRNAs that are involved in the regulation of a variety of biological processes such as embryonic development, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and metabolic homeostasis. Abnormal miRNA expression is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of multiple common human diseases including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, hepatitis, and metabolic diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS: Various signaling pathways including transforming growth factor-β, apoptosis, and Wnt signaling pathways have also been characterized to play an essential role in kidney diseases. Most importantly, miRNA-targeted pharmaceutical manipulation has represented a promising new therapeutic approach against kidney diseases. Furthermore, miRNAs such as miR-30e-5p, miR-98-5p, miR-30d-5p, miR-30a-5p, miR-194-5p, and miR-192-5p may be potentially employed as biomarkers for various human kidney diseases. CONCLUSIONS: A significant correlation has also been found between some miRNAs and the clinical markers of renal function like baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Classification of miRNAs in different genetic renal disorders may promote discoveries in developing innovative therapeutic interventions and treatment tools. Herein, the recent advances in miRNAs associated with renal pathogenesis, emphasizing genetic kidney diseases and development, have been summarized.
BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, endogenous, single-stranded, small (21-25 nucleotides) RNAs. Various target genes at the post-transcriptional stage are modulated by miRNAs that are involved in the regulation of a variety of biological processes such as embryonic development, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and metabolic homeostasis. Abnormal miRNA expression is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of multiple common human diseases including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, hepatitis, and metabolic diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS: Various signaling pathways including transforming growth factor-β, apoptosis, and Wnt signaling pathways have also been characterized to play an essential role in kidney diseases. Most importantly, miRNA-targeted pharmaceutical manipulation has represented a promising new therapeutic approach against kidney diseases. Furthermore, miRNAs such as miR-30e-5p, miR-98-5p, miR-30d-5p, miR-30a-5p, miR-194-5p, and miR-192-5p may be potentially employed as biomarkers for various human kidney diseases. CONCLUSIONS: A significant correlation has also been found between some miRNAs and the clinical markers of renal function like baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Classification of miRNAs in different genetic renal disorders may promote discoveries in developing innovative therapeutic interventions and treatment tools. Herein, the recent advances in miRNAs associated with renal pathogenesis, emphasizing genetic kidney diseases and development, have been summarized.
Authors: Ronak Lakhia; Matanel Yheskel; Andrea Flaten; Harini Ramalingam; Karam Aboudehen; Silvia Ferrè; Laurence Biggers; Abheepsa Mishra; Christopher Chaney; Darren P Wallace; Thomas Carroll; Peter Igarashi; Vishal Patel Journal: JCI Insight Date: 2020-04-09