Gliding motility of Mycoplasma sp. nov. strain 163K.

The gliding movements of Mycoplasma sp. nov. strain 163K cells were characterized by photomicrographic and microcinematographic studies. The capability of gliding proved to be a very stable property of strain 163K. Cells were continuously moving, without interruption by resting periods, on glass as well as on plastic surfaces covered with liquid medium. Gliding cells always moved in the direction of their headlike structure; their course did not indicate any preference for a certain direction. Under appropriate growth conditions, cells showed linear and circular movements. Under inadequate conditions, cells glided in narrow circles or entered into zigzag trembling and tumbling movements. Organisms glided as single cells, in pairs, and in multicellular configurations. Movement patterns and gliding velocity were significantly affected by the cultivation and preparation time, the medium viscosity, and the storage and observation temperature. The number of passages on artificial media and the composition of the media used did not have a striking influence on gliding motility, but movements were effectively inhibited by homologous antiserum. The data obtained suggest that at least some of the structures associated with gliding are heat sensitive and located on the cell surface, that the gliding mechanism requires an intact energy metabolism, and, finally, that gliding motility is an extremely stable genetic property of Mycoplasma sp. nov. strain 163K.