Eriko Nogami1, Nobuyuki Miyai2, Yan Zhang3, Shuhei Onishi1, Masato Sakaguchi1,4, Katsushi Yokoi5, Miyoko Utusmi6, Mikio Arita4. 1. Graduate School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, 580 Mikazura, P.O. Box 641-0011, Wakayama, Japan. 2. Graduate School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, 580 Mikazura, P.O. Box 641-0011, Wakayama, Japan. miyain@wakayama-med.ac.jp. 3. Graduate School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan. 4. Department of Cardiology, Sumiya Rehabilitation Hospital, Wakayama, Japan. 5. Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan. 6. Wakayama Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University, Wakayama, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine whether cumulative smoking exposure affects the association between peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS: The study participants comprised 832 community-dwelling individuals aged 50-89 years (mean age: 69 years) without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed to estimate the skeletal muscle mass of each participant. PEFR was assessed using an electronic spirometer. Cumulative smoking exposure was expressed in pack years, that is a product of the average number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day and smoking duration in years. RESULTS: The whole-body skeletal muscle mass progressively reduced with decreasing PEFR levels in both males and females. In the multiple regression analysis, PEFR was found to be significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass, independent of the potential confounding factors. When participants were stratified based on the cumulative smoking exposure, the association between low PEFR and reduced skeletal muscle mass persisted in individuals with non-smoking and light-to-moderate smoking exposure (< 30 pack-years). However, this association was not clearly observed in individuals with heavy smoking exposure (≥ 30 pack-years). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study support the notion that PEFR declines with a reduction in systemic skeletal muscle mass due to aging. However, chronic cigarette smoking induces respiratory dysfunction exceeding the expected values by age, and thus a low PEFR level may not be used as a marker of reduced muscle mass in older adults exposed to heavy smoking.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine whether cumulative smoking exposure affects the association between peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS: The study participants comprised 832 community-dwelling individuals aged 50-89 years (mean age: 69 years) without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed to estimate the skeletal muscle mass of each participant. PEFR was assessed using an electronic spirometer. Cumulative smoking exposure was expressed in pack years, that is a product of the average number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day and smoking duration in years. RESULTS: The whole-body skeletal muscle mass progressively reduced with decreasing PEFR levels in both males and females. In the multiple regression analysis, PEFR was found to be significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass, independent of the potential confounding factors. When participants were stratified based on the cumulative smoking exposure, the association between low PEFR and reduced skeletal muscle mass persisted in individuals with non-smoking and light-to-moderate smoking exposure (< 30 pack-years). However, this association was not clearly observed in individuals with heavy smoking exposure (≥ 30 pack-years). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study support the notion that PEFR declines with a reduction in systemic skeletal muscle mass due to aging. However, chronic cigarette smoking induces respiratory dysfunction exceeding the expected values by age, and thus a low PEFR level may not be used as a marker of reduced muscle mass in older adults exposed to heavy smoking.
Authors: L Harmsen; S F Thomsen; T Ingebrigtsen; I E Steffensen; L R Skadhauge; K O Kyvik; V Backer Journal: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis Date: 2010-08 Impact factor: 2.373