Sadia Ghaffar1, Mehak Ali Naqvi2, Addeela Fayyaz3, Mohammed Kadhem Abid4, Kakhramon Najmiddinovich Khayitov5, Abduladheem Turki Jalil6, Fahad Alsaikhan7, Ali Thaeer Hammid8, Moaed E Al-Gazally9, Vida Mohammadparast10, Behrooz Jannat11, Mehran Nouri12. 1. Basic Health Unit, Hersa Sheikh, Chiniot, University Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad, Pakistan. 2. Dental Section, Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad, Pakistan. 3. Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan. 4. Department of Anesthesia, College of Health & Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq. 5. Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Bogishamol Street 223, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. 6. Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla 51001, Iraq. 7. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 8. Computer Engineering Techniques Department, Faculty of Information Technology, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Baghdad, Iraq. 9. College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq. 10. School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand. 11. Halal Research Center of IRI, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 12. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address: mehran_nouri71@yahoo.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to determine the effects of grape products on liver enzymes in adults. METHODS: Databases including PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to February 2021. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of grape products on serum concentrations of liver enzymes were included. Data were pooled using the random-effects model and weighted mean difference (WMD) was considered as the summary effect size. RESULTS: Eight RCTs enrolling 291 participants met the inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. The overall effect illustrated no significant change in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (WMD: - 2.04; 95 % CI: - 5.50 to 1.42; P = 0.24; I2 = 72.5 %), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (WMD: - 1.40; 95 % CI: - 3.80 to 0.99; P = 0.25; I2 = 76.0 %) in intervention group compared with the control group. Subgroup analyses revealed that the effect of grape products on ALT (WMD: - 4.97; 95 % CI: - 8.73 to - 1.21; P = 0.01) and AST (WMD: - 2.89; 95 % CI: - 5.69 to - 0.08; P = 0.04) levels was significant when the intervention period was equal or more than 12 weeks. CONCLUSION: Overall, grape products had no significant effect on liver enzymes in adults. However, due to the low number of included studies, these findings must be interpreted with great caution. Larger, well-designed RCTs are still needed to further evaluate the capacity of the grape products as a complementary treatment to improve liver enzymes.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to determine the effects of grape products on liver enzymes in adults. METHODS: Databases including PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to February 2021. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of grape products on serum concentrations of liver enzymes were included. Data were pooled using the random-effects model and weighted mean difference (WMD) was considered as the summary effect size. RESULTS: Eight RCTs enrolling 291 participants met the inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. The overall effect illustrated no significant change in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (WMD: - 2.04; 95 % CI: - 5.50 to 1.42; P = 0.24; I2 = 72.5 %), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (WMD: - 1.40; 95 % CI: - 3.80 to 0.99; P = 0.25; I2 = 76.0 %) in intervention group compared with the control group. Subgroup analyses revealed that the effect of grape products on ALT (WMD: - 4.97; 95 % CI: - 8.73 to - 1.21; P = 0.01) and AST (WMD: - 2.89; 95 % CI: - 5.69 to - 0.08; P = 0.04) levels was significant when the intervention period was equal or more than 12 weeks. CONCLUSION: Overall, grape products had no significant effect on liver enzymes in adults. However, due to the low number of included studies, these findings must be interpreted with great caution. Larger, well-designed RCTs are still needed to further evaluate the capacity of the grape products as a complementary treatment to improve liver enzymes.