| Literature DB >> 35652019 |
Olawale Alimi Alimi1,2, Adamu Abdul Abubakar2, Abubakar Sadiq Yakubu2, Sani Abdullahi Shehu3, Salman Zubairu Abdulkadir1,2, Ekaete Ime Oviawe2.
Abstract
Objective Several animal models have been used in fracture healing and bone graft studies, but hematological responses are seldom reported. Therefore, the present study reported the hematological changes observed in rabbits that underwent xenografting of caprine demineralized bone matrix (CDBM). Method Twenty-four (24) male rabbits (2.5 ± 0.5kg) were acquired for the purpose of this study and were randomly assigned to three groups: autologous bone graft (ABG), unfilled (NC), and caprine demineralized bone matrix (CDBM). Blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture under xylazine-ketamine anesthesia on day 0 (baseline), and on days 28 and 56 postsurgery and were analyzed manually within 2 hours of collection. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures, and a p -value < 0.05 was considered significant. Result There was an overall significant difference in the values of total white blood cell count ( p = 0.0043), neutrophil count ( p < 0.0001), monocyte count ( p = 0.0184), red blood cell count ( p = 0.003), hemoglobin concentration ( p < 0.0001) and packed cell volume ( p < 0.0001) across the days and the treatment groups. There was, however, no overall significant difference in lymphocyte count ( p = 0.4923), basophil count ( p = 0.4183), and eosinophil count (0.4806) within days. Conclusion Response to CDBM grafting in rabbits could, therefore, be said to be characterized by marked leukocytosis with neutrophilia, lymphocytosis, and monocytosis by day 28 of postgrafting. This could form the basis with which hematology can be used to monitor body response of bone graft animal models. Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).Entities:
Keywords: bone grafting; bone xenograft; experimental animal model; fracture healing; hematology
Year: 2021 PMID: 35652019 PMCID: PMC9142257 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729592
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 0102-3616
Hematological results (mean ± SEM) of experimental animals presurgery (day 0), on day 28 and on day 56 ( n = 8)
| Day 0 | Day 28 | Day 56 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABG | NC | CDBM | ABG | NC | CDBM | ABG | NC | CDBM | |
|
| 3.71 ± 0.43 | 3.76 ± 0.36 | 4.53 ± 0.37 |
4.96 ± 0.36
| 4.90 ± 0.72 |
6.75 ± 0.36*
|
5.51 ± 0.34
| 3.81 ± 0.19* | 4.11 ± 0.24* |
|
| 0.76 ± 0.09 | 0.68 ± 0.08 | 0.81 ± 0.09 | 1.00 ± 0.07 | 0.84 ± 0.11 |
1.30 ± 0.11
|
3.09 ± 0.27
|
1.11 ± 0.13*
| 1.19 ± 0.13* |
|
| 2.90 ± 0.34 | 3.01 ± 0.28 | 3.63 ± 0.29 |
3.82 ± 0.29
| 3.98 ± 0.61 |
5.24 ± 0.26*
| 2.30 ± 0.09 | 2.55 ± 0.19 | 2.73 ± 0.14 |
|
| 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.09 ± 0.02* |
0.13 ± 0.02
| 0.09 ± 0.01 |
0.21 ± 0.03
| 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.12 ± 0.02 |
|
| 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.01 |
0.03 ± 0.01
|
0.03 ± 0.01
|
|
| 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.01 |
|
| 3.47 ± 0.34 | 3.55 ± 0.12 | 3.58 ± 0.30 | 3.10 ± 0.18 |
3.71 ± 0.31
|
4.51 ± 0.27*
| 3.49 ± 0.27 |
4.97 ± 0.23*
| 3.92 ± 0.21 |
|
| 9.46 ± 0.46 | 14.09 ± 0.35* | 11.23 ± 0.37* | 8.37 ± 0.46 |
9.67 ± 0.47
| 10.35 ± 0.80 | 10.43 ± 0.79 |
10.11 ± 0.39
| 11.55 ± 0.41 |
|
| 26.00 ± 1.34 | 35.58 ± 1.24* | 31.50 ± 1.32* | 24.63 ± 0.57 |
23.63 ± 0.96
| 28.50 ± 0.87* |
29.63 ± 0.94
|
27.63 ± 0.71
| 31.38 ± 1.19 |
Abbreviations: ABG, autologous bone graft; CDBM, caprine demineralized bone matrix; NC, negative control; PCV, packed cell volume; RBC, red blood cell count; SEM, standard error of the mean; WBC, white blood cell count.
Different alphabets indicate that the means differ significantly ( p < 0.05) from day 0 within the same group, while the means bearing an asterisk differ significantly ( p < 0.05) from ABG for their respective days.
Neutrophils.
Lymphocytes.
Monocytes.
Eosinophils.
Basophils.
Hemoglobin concentration.
Resultados hematológicos (média ± erro padrão) dos animais experimentais antes da cirurgia (dia 0), no dia 28 e no dia 56 ( n = 8)
| Dia 0 | Dia 28 | Dia 56 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EOA | SP | MODC | EOA | SP | MODC | EOA | SP | MODC | |
|
| 3,71 ± 0,43 | 3,76 ± 0,36 | 4,53 ± 0,37 | 4,96 ± 0,36 a | 4,90 ± 0,72 | 6,75 ± 0,36* a | 5,51 ± 0,34 b | 3,81 ± 0,19* | 4,11 ± 0,24* |
|
| 0,76 ± 0,09 | 0,68 ± 0,08 | 0,81 ± 0,09 | 1,00 ± 0,07 | 0,84 ± 0,11 | 1,30 ± 0,11 a | 3,09 ± 0,27 a | 1,11 ± 0,13* a | 1,19 ± 0,13* |
|
| 2,90 ± 0,34 | 3,01 ± 0,28 | 3,63 ± 0,29 | 3,82 ± 0,29 a | 3,98 ± 0,61 | 5,24 ± 0,26* a | 2,30 ± 0,09 | 2,55 ± 0,19 | 2,73 ± 0,14 |
|
| 0,04 ± 0,01 | 0,07 ± 0,02 | 0,09 ± 0,02* | 0,13 ± 0,02 a | 0,09 ± 0,01 | 0,21 ± 0,03 a | 0,07 ± 0,01 | 0,12 ± 0,02 | 0,12 ± 0,02 |
|
| 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,02 ± 0,01 | 0,03 ± 0,01 | 0,03 ± 0,01 a | 0,03 ± 0,01 a |
|
| 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,00 ± 0,00 | 0,01 ± 0,01 |
|
| 3,47 ± 0,34 | 3,55 ± 0,12 | 3,58 ± 0,30 | 3,10 ± 0,18 | 3,71 ± 0,31 a | 4,51 ± 0,27* a | 3,49 ± 0,27 | 4,97 ± 0,23* a | 3,92 ± 0,21 |
|
| 9,46 ± 0,46 | 14,09 ± 0,35* | 11,23 ± 0,37* | 8,37 ± 0,46 | 9,67 ± 0,47 a | 10,35 ± 0,80 | 10,43 ± 0,79 | 10,11 ± 0,39 b | 11,55 ± 0,41 |
|
| 26,00 ± 1,34 | 35,58 ± 1,24* | 31,50 ± 1,32* | 24,63 ± 0,57 | 23,63 ± 0,96 a | 28,50 ± 0,87* | 29,63 ± 0,94 a | 27,63 ± 0,71 b | 31,38 ± 1,19 |
Abreviaturas: EOA, enxerto ósseo autólogo; MODC, matriz óssea desmineralizada caprina; SP, sem preenchimento.
Diferentes letras indicam que as médias diferem de forma significativa ( p < 0,05) das médias do dia 0 no mesmo grupo, enquanto os asteriscos indicam diferença significativa ( p < 0,05) em EOA nos seus respectivos dias.