Michael W Otto1, Rebecca E Lubin1, David Rosenfield2, Daniel J Taylor3, Jeffrey L Birk4, Colin A Espie5, Ari Shechter4,6, Donald Edmondson4, Justin M Shepherd7, Michael J Zvolensky7,8,9. 1. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. 2. Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA. 3. Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. 4. Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. 5. Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. 6. Sleep Center of Excellence, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. 7. Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX,USA. 8. Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX,USA. 9. HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX,USA.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the association between psychosocial factors and self-reported sleep duration and two indices of sleep quality in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of adults. We investigated the relations between both rumination and anxiety sensitivity with these self-reported sleep outcomes. We also examined rumination and anxiety sensitivity as moderators of three race- and ethnicity-related stressors: discrimination, acculturative stress, and socioeconomic status. METHODS: In a cross-sectional design, we assessed 1326 adults (ages 18-48 years) selected for self-reported racial and ethnic minority status. Regression analyses were used to examine the associations between demographic, social/environmental stressors, depression severity, rumination, and anxiety sensitivity and three sleep outcomes: sleep duration, sleep quality subscale, and global sleep quality. RESULTS: Our findings supported the hypothesized role of rumination as an amplification factor for the influence of race- and ethnicity-related stressors on sleep duration and quality. Rumination was associated with all three sleep outcomes (sleep duration, sleep quality subscale, and global sleep quality) and was a moderator of the associations between discrimination and all 3 sleep outcomes. Anxiety sensitivity was not consistently associated with these sleep outcomes. Depression symptoms did not account for these findings. CONCLUSIONS: If confirmed in longitudinal study, our findings introduce a potentially important treatment target-rumination-for addressing sleep disparities in prevention or intervention models. Rumination appears to amplify the negative sleep consequences of race- and ethnicity-related stressors and is a modifiable treatment target.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the association between psychosocial factors and self-reported sleep duration and two indices of sleep quality in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of adults. We investigated the relations between both rumination and anxiety sensitivity with these self-reported sleep outcomes. We also examined rumination and anxiety sensitivity as moderators of three race- and ethnicity-related stressors: discrimination, acculturative stress, and socioeconomic status. METHODS: In a cross-sectional design, we assessed 1326 adults (ages 18-48 years) selected for self-reported racial and ethnic minority status. Regression analyses were used to examine the associations between demographic, social/environmental stressors, depression severity, rumination, and anxiety sensitivity and three sleep outcomes: sleep duration, sleep quality subscale, and global sleep quality. RESULTS: Our findings supported the hypothesized role of rumination as an amplification factor for the influence of race- and ethnicity-related stressors on sleep duration and quality. Rumination was associated with all three sleep outcomes (sleep duration, sleep quality subscale, and global sleep quality) and was a moderator of the associations between discrimination and all 3 sleep outcomes. Anxiety sensitivity was not consistently associated with these sleep outcomes. Depression symptoms did not account for these findings. CONCLUSIONS: If confirmed in longitudinal study, our findings introduce a potentially important treatment target-rumination-for addressing sleep disparities in prevention or intervention models. Rumination appears to amplify the negative sleep consequences of race- and ethnicity-related stressors and is a modifiable treatment target.
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