Bruno Matheus Facchin1, Gustavo Oliveira Dos Reis1, Guilherme Nicácio Vieira1, Eduarda Talita Bramorski Mohr1, Júlia Salvan da Rosa1,2, Iara Fabricia Kretzer2, Izabel Galhardo Demarchi1,2,3, Eduardo Monguilhott Dalmarco4,5. 1. Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Farmácia (PPGFar), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. 2. Departamento de Análises Clínicas-CCS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário-Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-970, Brazil. 3. Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil. 4. Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Farmácia (PPGFar), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. edalmarco@gmail.com. 5. Departamento de Análises Clínicas-CCS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário-Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-970, Brazil. edalmarco@gmail.com.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Several experimental models have been designed to promote the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. The in vitro model using RAW 264.7 cells has been widely used. However, there is still no consensus on which inflammatory mediators should initially be measured to screen for possible anti-inflammatory effects. To determine the rationality of measuring inflammatory mediators together with NO, such as the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukins (IL) 1β and 6, we carried out this systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA). METHODOLOGY: We conducted this SR and MA in accordance with the Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Intervention. This review was registered in the Open Science Framework ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8C3HT ). RESULTS: LPS-induced cells produced high NO levels compared to non-LPS induced, and this production was not related to cell density. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, also showed high levels after cells had been stimulated with LPS. Though with some restrictions, all studies were reliable, as the risk of bias was detected in the test compounds and systems. CONCLUSION: Measurement of NO levels may be sufficient to screen for possible anti-inflammatory action in the context of LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
INTRODUCTION: Several experimental models have been designed to promote the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. The in vitro model using RAW 264.7 cells has been widely used. However, there is still no consensus on which inflammatory mediators should initially be measured to screen for possible anti-inflammatory effects. To determine the rationality of measuring inflammatory mediators together with NO, such as the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukins (IL) 1β and 6, we carried out this systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA). METHODOLOGY: We conducted this SR and MA in accordance with the Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Intervention. This review was registered in the Open Science Framework ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8C3HT ). RESULTS: LPS-induced cells produced high NO levels compared to non-LPS induced, and this production was not related to cell density. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, also showed high levels after cells had been stimulated with LPS. Though with some restrictions, all studies were reliable, as the risk of bias was detected in the test compounds and systems. CONCLUSION: Measurement of NO levels may be sufficient to screen for possible anti-inflammatory action in the context of LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
Authors: Peter Tugwell; Vivian Andrea Welch; Sathya Karunananthan; Lara J Maxwell; Elie A Akl; Marc T Avey; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Melissa C Brouwers; Jocalyn P Clark; Sophie Cook; Luis Gabriel Cuervo; Janet Agnes Curran; Elizabeth Tanjong Ghogomu; Ian G Graham; Jeremy M Grimshaw; Brian Hutton; John P A Ioannidis; Zoe Jordan; Janet Elizabeth Jull; Elizabeth Kristjansson; Etienne V Langlois; Julian Little; Anne Lyddiatt; Janet E Martin; Ana Marušić; Lawrence Mbuagbaw; David Moher; Rachael L Morton; Mona Nasser; Matthew J Page; Jordi Pardo Pardo; Jennifer Petkovic; Mark Petticrew; Terri Pigott; Kevin Pottie; Gabriel Rada; Tamara Rader; Alison Y Riddle; Hannah Rothstein; Holger J Schüneman; Larissa Shamseer; Beverley J Shea; Rosiane Simeon; Konstantinos C Siontis; Maureen Smith; Karla Soares-Weiser; Kednapa Thavorn; David Tovey; Brigitte Vachon; Jeffery Valentine; Rebecca Villemaire; Peter Walker; Laura Weeks; George Wells; David B Wilson; Howard White Journal: BMJ Date: 2020-09-15