A novel experimental design for boar sperm cryopreservation.

Cryopreservation of sperm is a routine technology in many livestock species, but not in swine. Frozen sperm must result in acceptable conception rates and produce 11 to 12 piglets/litter to be competitive with traditional cooled semen. The development of an extender that results in high post-thaw sperm quality and acceptable litter size requires the identification of factors that markedly affect post-thaw semen quality. The present study aims to first identify factors in boar sperm cryopreservation that significantly affect post-thaw sperm quality using an efficient, cost-effective, and relatively rapid approach. The Plackett-Burman experimental design is ideal for the screening of factors at their extreme, greatly reducing the amount of time and resources needed for a follow-up, full factorial design. Using commercial semen, a 9-factor, 12-run Plackett-Burman design was used on 10 boars split between 12 treatments. Through this method, glycerol concentration, cooling rate, antioxidant supplementation with GameteGuard (Membrane Protective Technologies, Inc. Fort Collins, CO), and straw size were identified as highly influential factors that affect post-thaw sperm quality. Extender type, starting osmolality, sodium dodecyl sulfate addition, and stepwise addition of glycerol were also influential for some but not all post-thaw sperm parameters (P < 0.05). Equilibration time in the straws before freezing was determined to have no impact on post-thaw sperm quality parameters. Using the Plackett-Burman design, it can be concluded that four of the nine factors warrant detailed investigation in full factorial experiments in the development of boar sperm cryopreservation extenders.