| Literature DB >> 35571589 |
Jorge A González-Duran1, Regina V Plaza2, Lucy Luna1, Maria Patricia Arbeláez3, Meagan Deviaene4, Yoav Keynan4, Zulma Vanessa Rueda4, Diana Marin5.
Abstract
Objective: To determine factors associated with mortality in tuberculosis/HIV co-infected patients in Cali, Colombia.Entities:
Keywords: HIV; Tuberculosis; cohort study; health services accessibility; mortality
Mesh:
Year: 2021 PMID: 35571589 PMCID: PMC9067911 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v52i3.4875
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Colomb Med (Cali) ISSN: 0120-8322
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of people co-infected with TB and HIV in Cali, Colombia, 2014-2016
| Variables | Categories | Frequency | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years | 15 - 24 | 24 | 8.6 |
| 25 - 49 | 192 | 68.8 | |
| 50 - 64 | 47 | 16.8 | |
| 65+ | 16 | 5.7 | |
| Sex | Female | 56 | 20.1 |
| Ethnicity | Mixed | 93 | 33.3 |
| Black, Biracial, Afrocolombian | 28 | 10.0 | |
| Other | 158 | 56.6 | |
| Population Group | Internally Displaced | 2 | 0.7 |
| Disabled | 1 | 0.4 | |
| Person Using Drugs | 36 | 13.2 | |
| Incarcerated | 14 | 5.1 | |
| Other | 219 | 80.5 | |
| Comorbidity | HIV only | 254 | 91.0 |
| BMI<18 kg/m2 | 12 | 4.3 | |
| Diabetes | 1 | 0.4 | |
| Renal Disease | 1 | 0.4 | |
| Liver Disease | 1 | 0.4 | |
| Other | 10 | 3.6 | |
| CD4 data available | Yes | 116 | 41.6 |
| Prior HIV treatment before TB diagnosis | Yes | 129* | 53.1 |
| Concurrent HIV-TB diagnosis | 84 | 37.5 | |
| Prior TB treatment before HIV diagnosis | 11* | 4.9 | |
| Median CD4 count cells/mm3 | 89 (23-236) | ||
| Median time to antiretroviral therapy initiation after HIV diagnosis (days) | 372 (62-2146.5) | ||
| Median time to TB treatment initiation after TB dx (days) | 6 (1-18.5) | ||
* Data about HIV and or TB treatment before TB or HIV diagnosis was available in 224 out of 279.
Tuberculosis characteristics in people co-infected with HIV in Cali, Colombia, 2014-2016
| Variables | Categories | Frequency | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tuberculosis Subtype | Pulmonary | 203 | 72.8 |
| Extrapulmonary | 76 | 27.2 | |
| Lymph node | 25 | 32.9 | |
| Meningeal | 21 | 27.6 | |
| Pleural | 13 | 17.1 | |
| Miliary | 7 | 9.2 | |
| Intestinal | 5 | 6.6 | |
| Peritoneal | 3 | 3.9 | |
| Osteoarticular | 1 | 1.3 | |
| Other | 1 | 1.3 | |
| Tuberculosis Antibiotic Susceptibility | Resistant | 5 | 1.8 |
| Susceptible | 116 | 41.6 | |
| No Information Available | 158 | 56.6 | |
| History of previous TB treatment | New | 237 | 84.9 |
| Previously Treated Patients | 42 | 15.1 | |
| Treatment after loss to follow-up | 20 | 47.6 | |
| Relapse | 12 | 28.6 | |
| Transfer (Other) | 9 | 21.4 | |
| Treatment after failure | 1 | 2.4 | |
| Programmatic Outcome | Treatment Success (completed and cured) | 125 | 44.8 |
| In Treatment | 52 | 18.6 | |
| Died | 49 | 17.6 | |
| Lost to Follow Up | 48 | 17.2 | |
| Treatment Failed | 5 | 1.8 |
Figure 1Survival curves in people co-infected with TB and HIV in Cali, Colombia, 2014-2016. The dot lines represent the median. ART: Antiretroviral therapy. BMI: Body mass index in kg/m2. Any insurance means that the patient had any form of health insurance with access to health care (either contributive or subsidized) compared to those who did not have-tuberculosis treatment initiation within two weeks after TB diagnosis.
Figure 2Multivariate analysis. Risk factors associated with mortality in people co-infected with TB and HIV in Cali, Colombia, 2014-2016. BMI: Body mass index in kg/m2. Any insurance identifies patients that had any health insurance for access to health care compared to those who did not have-tuberculosis treatment initiation within two weeks after TB diagnosis. N is the number of patients.
Características sociodemográficas y clínicas de las personas coinfectadas con TB y VIH en Cali, Colombia, 2014-2016
| Variables | Categorias | Frequencia | Porcentaje (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Edad en años | 15 - 24 | 24 | 8.6 |
| 25 - 49 | 192 | 68.8 | |
| 50 - 64 | 47 | 16.8 | |
| 65+ | 16 | 5.7 | |
| Sexo | Femenino | 56 | 20.1 |
| Etnia | Mestizo | 93 | 33.3 |
| Negro, Biracial, Afrocolombiano | 28 | 10.0 | |
| Otra | 158 | 56.6 | |
| Grupo poblacional | Desplazado internamente | 2 | 0.7 |
| Discapacitado | 1 | 0.4 | |
| Usuario de drogas | 36 | 13.2 | |
| Privado de libertad | 14 | 5.1 | |
| Otro | 219 | 80.5 | |
| Comorbilidad | VIH unicamente | 254 | 91.0 |
| IMC<18 kg/m2 | 12 | 4.3 | |
| Diabetes | 1 | 0.4 | |
| Enfermedad renal | 1 | 0.4 | |
| Enfermedad hepatica | 1 | 0.4 | |
| Otra | 10 | 3.6 | |
| Recuento CD4 disponible | Si | 116 | 41.6 |
| Tratamiento previo de VIH antes del diagnóstico de TB | Si | 129* | 53.1 |
| Diagnostico concurrente VIH-TB | 84 | 37.5 | |
| Tratamiento previo de TB anterior al diagnostico VIH | 11* | 4.9 | |
| Mediana conteo CD4 cels/mm3 | 89 (23-236) | ||
| Mediana de tiempo entre diagnostico VIH e inicio de terapia antiretroviral (días) | 372 (62-2,146.5) | ||
| Mediana de tiempo entre diagnostico de TB e inicio del tratamiento (días) | 6 (1-18.5) | ||
* Los datos respecto al inicio de tratamiento para VIH y/o TB previo al diagnostico de estas patologias estuvo disponible en 224 de 279 participantes. IMC: Índice de masa corporal.
Caracteristicas de la tuberculosis en personas coinfectadas con VIH en Cali, Colombia, 2014-2016
| Variables | Categoria | Frequencia | Porcentaje (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subtipo de tuberculosis | Pulmonar | 203 | 72.8 |
| Extrapulmonar | 76 | 27.2 | |
| Ganglionar | 25 | 32.9 | |
| Meningea | 21 | 27.6 | |
| Pleural | 13 | 17.1 | |
| Miliar | 7 | 9.2 | |
| Intestinal | 5 | 6.6 | |
| Peritoneal | 3 | 3.9 | |
| Osteoarticular | 1 | 1.3 | |
| Otra | 1 | 1.3 | |
| Susceptibilidad a los medicamentos para TB | Resistente | 5 | 1.8 |
| Suceptible | 116 | 41.6 | |
| Información no disponible | 158 | 56.6 | |
| Historia de tratamiento previo para TB | Nuevo | 237 | 84.9 |
| Paciente previamente tratado | 42 | 15.1 | |
| Por pérdida al seguimiento | 20 | 47.6 | |
| Recaida | 12 | 28.6 | |
| Transferido (otro) | 9 | 21.4 | |
| Fracaso terapeutico | 1 | 2.4 | |
| Resultado programático del tratamiento | Tratamiento exitoso (completado y curado) | 125 | 44.8 |
| En tratamiento | 52 | 18.6 | |
| Fallecido | 49 | 17.6 | |
| Pérdida durante el seguimiento | 48 | 17.2 | |
| Fracaso terapeutico | 5 | 1.8 |
Figura 1Curvas de supervivencia en personas coinfectadas con TB y VIH en Cali, Colombia, 2014-2016. Las líneas punteadas representan la mediana. ARV: Terapia antirretroviral. IMC: índice de masa corporal en kg/m2. Cualquier aseguramiento significa que el paciente cuenta con algún tipo de aseguramiento en salud (contributivo o subsidiado) comparado con aquellos que no estan asegurados. Inicio del tratamiento para tuberculosis en un lapso de dos semanas posteriores al diagnóstico de TB.
Figura 2Analisis multivariado . Factores de riesgo asociados con mortalidad en personas coinfectadas con TB/VIH en Cali, Colombia, 2014-2016. IMC: Indice masa corporal en kg/m2. Cualquier seguro identifica a los pacientes que tenían algún seguro médico para acceder a la atención médica en comparación con aquellos que no lo tenían. Inicio del tratamiento para tuberculosis en un lapso de dos semanas posteriores al diagnóstico de TB. N es el número de pacientes.
| 1) Why was this study conducted? |
| To describe outcomes of TB treatment among people living with HIV in Cali, Colombia to identify drivers behind poor treatment outcomes that can guide programmatic changes. |
| 2) What were the most relevant results of the study? |
| Over a third of patients had HIV diagnosed at the same time as TB; HIV treatment initiation is delayed contributing to poor treatment outcomes; less than half of HIV infected individuals had CD4 cell counts; TB treatment success rate was less than 50%. |
| 3) What do these results contribute? |
| Integration of HIV and TB programs with earlier access to antiretroviral therapy could improve treatment outcomes in patients coinfected with HIV and TB. |
| 1) ¿Por qué se realizó este estudio? |
| Describir los resultados del tratamiento para tuberculosis (TB) entre personas que viven con VIH en Cali, Colombia, e identificar los factores asociados con desenlaces desfavorables del tratamiento y que pueden sugerir cambios programáticos. |
| 2) ¿Cuáles fueron los resultados más relevantes del estudio? |
| En más de un tercio de los pacientes se diagnosticó VIH al mismo tiempo que la TB; el retraso en el inicio del tratamiento antiretroviral contribuye a desenlaces desfavorables en el tratamiento; menos de la mitad de las personas infectadas por VIH tuvieron recuento de células CD4; la tasa de éxito del tratamiento para TB fue inferior al 50%. |
| 3¿Qué aportan estos resultados? |
| La integración de los programas de VIH y TB y el inicio temprano de la terapia antirretroviral podrían mejorar los desenlaces del tratamiento en pacientes coninfectados con VIH y TB. |