BACKGROUND: Third coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine doses are broadly recommended, but immunogenicity data remain limited, particularly in older adults. METHODS: We measured circulating antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein receptor-binding domain, ACE2 displacement, and virus neutralization against ancestral and omicron (BA.1) strains from prevaccine up to 1 month following the third dose, in 151 adults aged 24-98 years who received COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. RESULTS: Following 2 vaccine doses, humoral immunity was weaker, less functional, and less durable in older adults, where a higher number of chronic health conditions was a key correlate of weaker responses and poorer durability. One month after the third dose, antibody concentrations and function exceeded post-second-dose levels, and responses in older adults were comparable in magnitude to those in younger adults at this time. Humoral responses against omicron were universally weaker than against the ancestral strain after both the second and third doses. Nevertheless, after 3 doses, anti-omicron responses in older adults reached equivalence to those in younger adults. One month after 3 vaccine doses, the number of chronic health conditions, but not age, was the strongest consistent correlate of weaker humoral responses. CONCLUSIONS: Results underscore the immune benefits of third COVID-19 vaccine doses, particularly in older adults.
BACKGROUND: Third coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine doses are broadly recommended, but immunogenicity data remain limited, particularly in older adults. METHODS: We measured circulating antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein receptor-binding domain, ACE2 displacement, and virus neutralization against ancestral and omicron (BA.1) strains from prevaccine up to 1 month following the third dose, in 151 adults aged 24-98 years who received COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. RESULTS: Following 2 vaccine doses, humoral immunity was weaker, less functional, and less durable in older adults, where a higher number of chronic health conditions was a key correlate of weaker responses and poorer durability. One month after the third dose, antibody concentrations and function exceeded post-second-dose levels, and responses in older adults were comparable in magnitude to those in younger adults at this time. Humoral responses against omicron were universally weaker than against the ancestral strain after both the second and third doses. Nevertheless, after 3 doses, anti-omicron responses in older adults reached equivalence to those in younger adults. One month after 3 vaccine doses, the number of chronic health conditions, but not age, was the strongest consistent correlate of weaker humoral responses. CONCLUSIONS: Results underscore the immune benefits of third COVID-19 vaccine doses, particularly in older adults.
Authors: Dami A Collier; Isabella A T M Ferreira; Prasanti Kotagiri; Rawlings P Datir; Eleanor Y Lim; Emma Touizer; Bo Meng; Adam Abdullahi; Anne Elmer; Nathalie Kingston; Barbara Graves; Emma Le Gresley; Daniela Caputo; Laura Bergamaschi; Kenneth G C Smith; John R Bradley; Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez; Paulina Cortes-Acevedo; Gabriela Barcenas-Morales; Michelle A Linterman; Laura E McCoy; Chris Davis; Emma Thomson; Paul A Lyons; Eoin McKinney; Rainer Doffinger; Mark Wills; Ravindra K Gupta Journal: Nature Date: 2021-06-30 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Jin Su Song; Jihee Lee; Miyoung Kim; Hyeong Seop Jeong; Moon Su Kim; Seong Gon Kim; Han Na Yoo; Ji Joo Lee; Hye Young Lee; Sang-Eun Lee; Eun Jin Kim; Jee Eun Rhee; Il Hwan Kim; Young-Joon Park Journal: Emerg Infect Dis Date: 2022-02-02 Impact factor: 6.883
Authors: A Lasagna; F Bergami; D Lilleri; E Percivalle; M Quaccini; N Alessio; G Comolli; A Sarasini; J C Sammartino; A Ferrari; F Arena; S Secondino; D Cicognini; R Schiavo; G Lo Cascio; L Cavanna; F Baldanti; P Pedrazzoli; I Cassaniti Journal: ESMO Open Date: 2022-03-11
Authors: Janna R Shapiro; Ioannis Sitaras; Han Sol Park; Tihitina Y Aytenfisu; Christopher Caputo; Maggie Li; John Lee; Trevor S Johnston; Huifen Li; Camille Wouters; Pricila Hauk; Henning Jacobsen; Yukang Li; Engle Abrams; Steve Yoon; Andrew J Kocot; Tianrui Yang; Yushu Huang; Steven M Cramer; Michael J Betenbaugh; Amanda K Debes; Rosemary Morgan; Aaron M Milstone; Andrew H Karaba; Andrew Pekosz; Sean X Leng; Sabra L Klein Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2022-08-15 Impact factor: 20.999
Authors: Hope R Lapointe; Francis Mwimanzi; Peter K Cheung; Yurou Sang; Fatima Yaseen; Rebecca Kalikawe; Sneha Datwani; Rachel Waterworth; Gisele Umviligihozo; Siobhan Ennis; Landon Young; Winnie Dong; Don Kirkby; Laura Burns; Victor Leung; Daniel T Holmes; Mari L DeMarco; Janet Simons; Nancy Matic; Julio S G Montaner; Chanson J Brumme; Natalie Prystajecky; Masahiro Niikura; Christopher F Lowe; Marc G Romney; Mark A Brockman; Zabrina L Brumme Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2022-09-06 Impact factor: 8.786