John Rong Hao Tay1, Ethan Ng2, Clement Wei Ming Lai3, Lum Peng Lim4, Marianne Meng Ann Ong2. 1. Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168938, Singapore. johntayrh@gmail.com. 2. Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168938, Singapore. 3. Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore. 4. Discipline of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in reducing halitosis of dental origin. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched up to and including June 2020. Randomised placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trials in systemically healthy adult patients who were given any form of probiotics to manage halitosis of dental origin were included. Primary outcome measures were organoleptic scores and volatile sulphur concentration levels. Secondary outcome measures were microbiologic parameters and quality of life (QOL). RESULTS: Of the 301 potentially relevant articles, eight articles were selected for the review. The risk of bias assessment showed that two studies were of low risk of bias, four studies had some concerns, and two studies had a high risk of bias. The beneficial effect of probiotics could neither be confirmed in periodontally treated patients administered with up to 8 weeks of probiotics, nor in periodontitis patients who received both non-surgical periodontal therapy and adjunctive probiotics up to 90 days. Microbiological findings 1 month after probiotics administration and QOL measures showed no significant differences compared to control. Considerable heterogeneity was observed among probiotic administration protocols. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence suggests no convincing benefit for the use of probiotics in the management of halitosis. Standardised protocols on recruitment of halitosis subjects and organoleptic measurements are required for future studies on probiotics as an intervention. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The lack of well-conducted studies with a low risk of bias precludes any clinical recommendation. Further research is needed to verify the efficacy of probiotics in the management of intra-oral halitosis.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in reducing halitosis of dental origin. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched up to and including June 2020. Randomised placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trials in systemically healthy adult patients who were given any form of probiotics to manage halitosis of dental origin were included. Primary outcome measures were organoleptic scores and volatile sulphur concentration levels. Secondary outcome measures were microbiologic parameters and quality of life (QOL). RESULTS: Of the 301 potentially relevant articles, eight articles were selected for the review. The risk of bias assessment showed that two studies were of low risk of bias, four studies had some concerns, and two studies had a high risk of bias. The beneficial effect of probiotics could neither be confirmed in periodontally treated patients administered with up to 8 weeks of probiotics, nor in periodontitis patients who received both non-surgical periodontal therapy and adjunctive probiotics up to 90 days. Microbiological findings 1 month after probiotics administration and QOL measures showed no significant differences compared to control. Considerable heterogeneity was observed among probiotic administration protocols. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence suggests no convincing benefit for the use of probiotics in the management of halitosis. Standardised protocols on recruitment of halitosis subjects and organoleptic measurements are required for future studies on probiotics as an intervention. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The lack of well-conducted studies with a low risk of bias precludes any clinical recommendation. Further research is needed to verify the efficacy of probiotics in the management of intra-oral halitosis.
Authors: W Teughels; M G Newman; W Coucke; A D Haffajee; H C Van Der Mei; S Kinder Haake; E Schepers; J-J Cassiman; J Van Eldere; D van Steenberghe; M Quirynen Journal: J Dent Res Date: 2007-11 Impact factor: 6.116
Authors: Manuela F Silva; Fábio R M Leite; Larissa B Ferreira; Natália M Pola; Frank A Scannapieco; Flávio F Demarco; Gustavo G Nascimento Journal: Clin Oral Investig Date: 2017-07-04 Impact factor: 3.573
Authors: Marc Quirynen; Jesica Dadamio; Sandra Van den Velde; Menke De Smit; Christel Dekeyser; Marie Van Tornout; Betty Vandekerckhove Journal: J Clin Periodontol Date: 2009-10-06 Impact factor: 8.728