Berrak Barutcu Asfuroğlu1, Tuğberk Andaç Topkan2, Nesrin Erdoğan Kaydu3, Koji Sakai4, Ali Yusuf Öner3, Yahya Karaman2, Kei Yamada4, E Turgut Tali3,5. 1. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Gazi University, 06500, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey. berrakbarutcu.bb@gmail.com. 2. Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. 3. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Gazi University, 06500, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey. 4. Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. 5. Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare lateral ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) temperature of the patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy subjects (HS) using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-based magnetic resonance (MR) thermometry. METHODS: Seventy-two patients (37 AD, 19 MCI, 16 HS) who underwent 3-T MR examination from September 2018 to August 2019 were included in this study. Smoking habits, education level, disease duration, and comorbidity status were recorded. Patients were assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score. Brain temperatures were measured using DWI-based MR thermometry. Group comparisons of brain temperature were performed using the Pearson chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Further analysis was performed using the post hoc Bonferroni test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was also used. RESULTS: A CDR score of 0.5, 1, and 2 was 2 (5.4%), 14 (37.8%), and 21 (56.8%) in AD, respectively. The median MMSE score had significant differences among groups and also in pairwise comparisons. The median CSF temperature (°C) values showed statistically significant difference among groups (HS: 38.5 °C, MCI: 38.17 °C, AD: 38.0 °C). The post hoc Mann-Whitney U test indicated a significant difference between AD patients and HS (p = 0.009). There were no significant CSF temperature differences in other pairwise comparisons. CONCLUSION: Lower CSF temperatures were observed in AD patients than in HS, probably due to decreased brain metabolism in AD. DWI-based MR thermometry as a noninvasive imaging method enabling the measurement of CSF temperatures may contribute to the diagnosis of AD.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare lateral ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) temperature of the patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy subjects (HS) using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-based magnetic resonance (MR) thermometry. METHODS: Seventy-two patients (37 AD, 19 MCI, 16 HS) who underwent 3-T MR examination from September 2018 to August 2019 were included in this study. Smoking habits, education level, disease duration, and comorbidity status were recorded. Patients were assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score. Brain temperatures were measured using DWI-based MR thermometry. Group comparisons of brain temperature were performed using the Pearson chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Further analysis was performed using the post hoc Bonferroni test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was also used. RESULTS: A CDR score of 0.5, 1, and 2 was 2 (5.4%), 14 (37.8%), and 21 (56.8%) in AD, respectively. The median MMSE score had significant differences among groups and also in pairwise comparisons. The median CSF temperature (°C) values showed statistically significant difference among groups (HS: 38.5 °C, MCI: 38.17 °C, AD: 38.0 °C). The post hoc Mann-Whitney U test indicated a significant difference between AD patients and HS (p = 0.009). There were no significant CSF temperature differences in other pairwise comparisons. CONCLUSION: Lower CSF temperatures were observed in AD patients than in HS, probably due to decreased brain metabolism in AD. DWI-based MR thermometry as a noninvasive imaging method enabling the measurement of CSF temperatures may contribute to the diagnosis of AD.
Authors: Serge Gauthier; Barry Reisberg; Michael Zaudig; Ronald C Petersen; Karen Ritchie; Karl Broich; Sylvie Belleville; Henry Brodaty; David Bennett; Howard Chertkow; Jeffrey L Cummings; Mony de Leon; Howard Feldman; Mary Ganguli; Harald Hampel; Philip Scheltens; Mary C Tierney; Peter Whitehouse; Bengt Winblad Journal: Lancet Date: 2006-04-15 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Giovanni B Frisoni; Nick C Fox; Clifford R Jack; Philip Scheltens; Paul M Thompson Journal: Nat Rev Neurol Date: 2010-02 Impact factor: 42.937
Authors: Colin L Masters; Randall Bateman; Kaj Blennow; Christopher C Rowe; Reisa A Sperling; Jeffrey L Cummings Journal: Nat Rev Dis Primers Date: 2015-10-15 Impact factor: 52.329