Real-time ultrasound scanning in the planning and guidance of pericardiocentesis.

Real-time ultrasound scanning is a rapid and readily available way of detecting pericardial fluid. We have successfully and safely used real-time ultrasound scanning to plan and guide pericardiocentesis on 24 occasions in the last 2 years, in each case for therapeutic purposes in patients with malignant pericardial effusions. The procedure may be readily performed in the ultrasound department or on the ward. We advise the use of real-time ultrasound guidance in all instances of pericardiocentesis.