Zayd Adnan Razouki1, Nadeen T Ali2,3, Vinh Q Nguyen4, Carmen P Escalante4. 1. Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. zarazouki@mdanderson.org. 2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. 3. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Yarmouk College, Khartoum, Sudan. 4. Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To date, there is no universally acceptable risk assessment tool in clinical practice that accurately estimates the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with breast cancer, despite the large number of published studies. Thus, the aim of this narrative review was to summarize the most relevant risk factors for VTE in these patients. METHODS: We searched Ovid Embase and Ovid MEDLINE, from inception to March 26, 2021, to identify all articles that focused on breast cancer and multiple thromboembolic diseases. We also searched the references section of relevant articles to identify studies. We did not include case reports or case series with small sample size, N < 20. RESULTS: VTE in patients with breast cancer was strongly associated with patient-, tumor-, and non-tumor-related risk factors, such as age, disease stage, central catheter placement, and chemotherapy and tamoxifen use, especially within 2 years of breast cancer diagnosis. CDK inhibitors are emerging factors that may also increase the risk of VTE. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of VTE in patients with breast cancer depends on various patient-, tumor-, and non-tumor-related risk factors. Identifying these risk factors during breast cancer diagnosis and treatment is essential in developing a practical dynamic predictive tool that can help individualize strategies to prevent VTE.
PURPOSE: To date, there is no universally acceptable risk assessment tool in clinical practice that accurately estimates the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with breast cancer, despite the large number of published studies. Thus, the aim of this narrative review was to summarize the most relevant risk factors for VTE in these patients. METHODS: We searched Ovid Embase and Ovid MEDLINE, from inception to March 26, 2021, to identify all articles that focused on breast cancer and multiple thromboembolic diseases. We also searched the references section of relevant articles to identify studies. We did not include case reports or case series with small sample size, N < 20. RESULTS: VTE in patients with breast cancer was strongly associated with patient-, tumor-, and non-tumor-related risk factors, such as age, disease stage, central catheter placement, and chemotherapy and tamoxifen use, especially within 2 years of breast cancer diagnosis. CDK inhibitors are emerging factors that may also increase the risk of VTE. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of VTE in patients with breast cancer depends on various patient-, tumor-, and non-tumor-related risk factors. Identifying these risk factors during breast cancer diagnosis and treatment is essential in developing a practical dynamic predictive tool that can help individualize strategies to prevent VTE.
Authors: S Paneesha; A McManus; R Arya; N Scriven; T Farren; T Nokes; S Bacon; A Nieland; D Cooper; H Smith; D O'Shaughnessy; P Rose Journal: Thromb Haemost Date: 2009-12-18 Impact factor: 5.249
Authors: Adedayo A Onitilo; Suhail A R Doi; Jessica M Engel; Ingrid Glurich; John Johnson; Richard Berg Journal: Thromb Res Date: 2011-12-07 Impact factor: 3.944
Authors: Alok A Khorana; Charles W Francis; Eva Culakova; Richard I Fisher; Nicole M Kuderer; Gary H Lyman Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2006-01-20 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: Judith S Brand; Elham Hedayati; Nirmala Bhoo-Pathy; Jonas Bergh; Per Hall; Keith Humphreys; Jonas F Ludvigsson; Kamila Czene Journal: Cancer Date: 2016-10-11 Impact factor: 6.860
Authors: M Chavez-MacGregor; H Zhao; M Kroll; S Fang; N Zhang; G N Hortobagyi; T A Buchholz; Y-C Shih; S H Giordano Journal: Ann Oncol Date: 2011-03-10 Impact factor: 32.976