Assessing the Elasticity of Child Cortical Bone.

A better understanding of the mechanical behaviour of child bone is essential to improve the diagnosis of pediatric bone disorders that may influence bone development. Even though the process of bone growth is well described, there are still lacks of knowledge on intrinsic material properties of child bone and particularly on child bone considered as "non-pathological". Geometry, material properties, microstructure and biochemical components are associated with child bone fragility and remain difficult to assess for two main reasons: the scarcity of the bone samples and their small dimensions. In this context, ultrasonic methods offer interesting possibilities by exploiting in particular their non-destructive character. In this chapter, the elasticity properties of Non Pathological Child Cortical Bone (NPCCB) obtained by ultrasonic methods are presented. The objective was to contribute to the construction of a reference database on NPCCB that would serve as a point of comparison for analyzing the effect of a pathology or treatment. After the presentation of the hypotheses on the elasticity and anisotropy of NPCCB, ultrasonic transmission-mode and resonance spectroscopy methods are described. Results are presented and discussed with respect to microstructural and biochemical properties.