Mariana Cansian Sattler1, Stéfanie Cristina de Oliveira2, Maria Andréia Corrêa Mendonça3, Wellington Ronildo Clarindo4. 1. Laboratório de Citogenética e Citometria, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, ZIP 36.570-900, Brazil. mariana.sattler@ufv.br. 2. Laboratório de Citogenética e Cultura de Tecidos Vegetais, Campus de Alegre, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES, ZIP 29.500-000, Brazil. 3. Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, MG, ZIP 75.901-970, Brazil. 4. Laboratório de Citogenética e Citometria, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, ZIP 36.570-900, Brazil.
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION: Coffea karyotype organization and evolution has been uncovered by classical cytogenetics and cytogenomics. We revisit these discoveries and present new karyotype data. Coffea possesses ~ 124 species, including C. arabica and C. canephora responsible for commercial coffee production. We reviewed the Coffea cytogenetics, from the first chromosome counting, encompassing the karyotype characterization, chromosome DNA content, and mapping of chromosome portions and DNA sequences, until the integration with genomics. We also showed new data about Coffea karyotype. The 2n chromosome number evidenced the diploidy of almost all Coffea, and the C. arabica tetraploidy, as well as the polyploidy of other hybrids. Since then, other genomic similarities and divergences among the Coffea have been shown by karyotype morphology, nuclear and chromosomal C-value, AT and GC rich chromosome portions, and repetitive sequence and gene mapping. These cytogenomic data allowed us to know and understand the phylogenetic relations in Coffea, as well as their ploidy level and genomic origin, highlighting the relatively recent allopolyploidy. In addition to the euploidy, the role of the mobile elements in Coffea diversification is increasingly more evident, and the comparative analysis of their structure and distribution on the genome of different species is in the spotlight for future research. An integrative look at all these data is fundamental for a deeper understanding of Coffea karyotype evolution, including the key role of polyploidy in C. arabica origin. The 'Híbrido de Timor', a recent natural allotriploid, is also in the spotlight for its potential as a source of resistance genes and model for plant polyploidy research. Considering this, we also present some unprecedented results about the exciting evolutionary history of these polyploid Coffea.
MAIN CONCLUSION: Coffea karyotype organization and evolution has been uncovered by classical cytogenetics and cytogenomics. We revisit these discoveries and present new karyotype data. Coffea possesses ~ 124 species, including C. arabica and C. canephora responsible for commercial coffee production. We reviewed the Coffea cytogenetics, from the first chromosome counting, encompassing the karyotype characterization, chromosome DNA content, and mapping of chromosome portions and DNA sequences, until the integration with genomics. We also showed new data about Coffea karyotype. The 2n chromosome number evidenced the diploidy of almost all Coffea, and the C. arabica tetraploidy, as well as the polyploidy of other hybrids. Since then, other genomic similarities and divergences among the Coffea have been shown by karyotype morphology, nuclear and chromosomal C-value, AT and GC rich chromosome portions, and repetitive sequence and gene mapping. These cytogenomic data allowed us to know and understand the phylogenetic relations in Coffea, as well as their ploidy level and genomic origin, highlighting the relatively recent allopolyploidy. In addition to the euploidy, the role of the mobile elements in Coffea diversification is increasingly more evident, and the comparative analysis of their structure and distribution on the genome of different species is in the spotlight for future research. An integrative look at all these data is fundamental for a deeper understanding of Coffea karyotype evolution, including the key role of polyploidy in C. arabica origin. The 'Híbrido de Timor', a recent natural allotriploid, is also in the spotlight for its potential as a source of resistance genes and model for plant polyploidy research. Considering this, we also present some unprecedented results about the exciting evolutionary history of these polyploid Coffea.
Authors: France Denoeud; Lorenzo Carretero-Paulet; Alexis Dereeper; Gaëtan Droc; Romain Guyot; Marco Pietrella; Chunfang Zheng; Adriana Alberti; François Anthony; Giuseppe Aprea; Jean-Marc Aury; Pascal Bento; Maria Bernard; Stéphanie Bocs; Claudine Campa; Alberto Cenci; Marie-Christine Combes; Dominique Crouzillat; Corinne Da Silva; Loretta Daddiego; Fabien De Bellis; Stéphane Dussert; Olivier Garsmeur; Thomas Gayraud; Valentin Guignon; Katharina Jahn; Véronique Jamilloux; Thierry Joët; Karine Labadie; Tianying Lan; Julie Leclercq; Maud Lepelley; Thierry Leroy; Lei-Ting Li; Pablo Librado; Loredana Lopez; Adriana Muñoz; Benjamin Noel; Alberto Pallavicini; Gaetano Perrotta; Valérie Poncet; David Pot; Michel Rigoreau; Mathieu Rouard; Julio Rozas; Christine Tranchant-Dubreuil; Robert VanBuren; Qiong Zhang; Alan C Andrade; Xavier Argout; Benoît Bertrand; Alexandre de Kochko; Giorgio Graziosi; Robert J Henry; Ray Ming; Chifumi Nagai; Steve Rounsley; David Sankoff; Giovanni Giuliano; Victor A Albert; Patrick Wincker; Philippe Lashermes Journal: Science Date: 2014-09-04 Impact factor: 47.728