Xiaoyu Xi1, Xin Wang2, Wenwen Xie1, Yu Jia3, Santiago Zuluaga Sanchez3, Laura Martinez3, Quanming Zhao4. 1. The Research Center of National Drug Policy & Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. 2. School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China. 3. Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA. 4. Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. zhaoquanming1@sina.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess the cost-effectiveness of evolocumab, a PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) inhibitor, compared with ezetimibe, both added to background statin therapy in patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) events (in the past 12 months) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels ≥ 100 mg/dL in China. METHODS: A health economic evaluation was performed from a Chinese healthcare perspective, using a Markov model over a lifetime horizon based on a baseline cardiovascular (CV) event rate from claims database data and efficacy from the FOURIER trial. The health benefit was reflected in the decrease of LDL-C level, which led to a decrease of cardiovascular events. The costs of cardiovascular events and the utility value of each health state were derived from the published literature. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of uncertainty in parameters and the robustness of the model. The cost-effectiveness of evolocumab was also explored in patients with recent myocardial infarction (MI), at very high risk (VHR) of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and homozygous familiar hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). RESULTS: In patients with recent ACS, evolocumab was associated with incremental quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of 1.33 and incremental costs of 115,782 yuan versus ezetimibe, both with background statin therapy, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 87,050 yuan per QALY gained. The probability of evolocumab + statins being cost-effective at a threshold of 217,341 yuan (three times per capita GDP, 2020), compared with ezetimibe + statins, was 100% in patients with recent ACS, recent MI, VHR ASCVD, and HoFH. CONCLUSION: Compared with ezetimibe + statins, the combination of evolocumab + statins was found to be cost-effective at a threshold of 217,341 yuan (three times per capita GDP, 2020) in patients with recent ACS events in China.
PURPOSE: To assess the cost-effectiveness of evolocumab, a PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) inhibitor, compared with ezetimibe, both added to background statin therapy in patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) events (in the past 12 months) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels ≥ 100 mg/dL in China. METHODS: A health economic evaluation was performed from a Chinese healthcare perspective, using a Markov model over a lifetime horizon based on a baseline cardiovascular (CV) event rate from claims database data and efficacy from the FOURIER trial. The health benefit was reflected in the decrease of LDL-C level, which led to a decrease of cardiovascular events. The costs of cardiovascular events and the utility value of each health state were derived from the published literature. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of uncertainty in parameters and the robustness of the model. The cost-effectiveness of evolocumab was also explored in patients with recent myocardial infarction (MI), at very high risk (VHR) of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and homozygous familiar hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). RESULTS: In patients with recent ACS, evolocumab was associated with incremental quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of 1.33 and incremental costs of 115,782 yuan versus ezetimibe, both with background statin therapy, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 87,050 yuan per QALY gained. The probability of evolocumab + statins being cost-effective at a threshold of 217,341 yuan (three times per capita GDP, 2020), compared with ezetimibe + statins, was 100% in patients with recent ACS, recent MI, VHR ASCVD, and HoFH. CONCLUSION: Compared with ezetimibe + statins, the combination of evolocumab + statins was found to be cost-effective at a threshold of 217,341 yuan (three times per capita GDP, 2020) in patients with recent ACS events in China.
Authors: Anupam B Jena; Daniel M Blumenthal; Warren Stevens; Jacquelyn W Chou; Thanh G N Ton; Dana P Goldman Journal: Am J Manag Care Date: 2016-06-01 Impact factor: 2.229