Ayesha Sania1,2, Michael M Myers3,4, Nicolò Pini3,4, Maristella Lucchini3,4, J David Nugent3,4, Lauren C Shuffrey3,4, Shreya Rao5, Jennifer Barbosa3, Jyoti Angal6,7, Amy J Elliott6,7, Hein J Odendaal8, William P Fifer3,4,9. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA. as4823@cumc.columbia.edu. 2. Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA. as4823@cumc.columbia.edu. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA. 4. Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA. 5. Department of Statistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA. 6. Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, 57108, USA. 7. Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD, 57069, USA. 8. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7530, South Africa. 9. Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prenatal smoking and drinking are associated with sudden infant death syndrome and neurodevelopmental disorders. Infants with these outcomes also have altered autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation. We examined the effects of prenatal smoking and drinking on newborn ANS function. METHODS: Pregnant women were enrolled in Northern Plains, USA (NP) and Cape Town (CT), South Africa. Daily drinking and weekly smoking data were collected prenatally. Physiological measures were obtained during sleep 12-96 h post-delivery. RESULTS: In all, 2913 infants from NP and 4072 from CT were included. In active sleep, newborns of mothers who smoked throughout pregnancy, compared to non-smokers, had higher breathing rates (2.2 breaths/min; 95% CI: 0.95, 3.49). Quit-early smoking was associated with reductions in beat-to-beat heart rate variability (HRV) in active (-0.08 s) and quiet sleep (-0.11 s) in CT. In girls, moderate-high continuous smoking was associated with increased systolic (3.0 mmHg, CI: 0.70, 5.24) and diastolic blood pressure (2.9 mmHg, CI: 0.72, 5.02). In quiet sleep, low-continuous drinking was associated with slower heart rate (-4.5 beat/min). In boys, low-continuous drinking was associated with a reduced ratio of low-to-high frequency HRV (-0.11, CI: -0.21, -0.02). CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight potential ANS pathways through which prenatal drinking and smoking may contribute to neurodevelopment outcomes. IMPACT: In this prospective cohort study of 6985 mother-infant dyads prenatal drinking and smoking were associated with multiple ANS parameters. Smoking was associated with increased neonatal breathing rates among all infants, and heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure (BP) among girls. Drinking was associated with reductions in HR and BP among all newborns, and reductions in the ratio of low to-high frequency HRV among boys. These findings suggest that prenatal smoking and drinking alter newborn ANS which may presage future neurodevelopmental disorders.
BACKGROUND: Prenatal smoking and drinking are associated with sudden infant death syndrome and neurodevelopmental disorders. Infants with these outcomes also have altered autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation. We examined the effects of prenatal smoking and drinking on newborn ANS function. METHODS: Pregnant women were enrolled in Northern Plains, USA (NP) and Cape Town (CT), South Africa. Daily drinking and weekly smoking data were collected prenatally. Physiological measures were obtained during sleep 12-96 h post-delivery. RESULTS: In all, 2913 infants from NP and 4072 from CT were included. In active sleep, newborns of mothers who smoked throughout pregnancy, compared to non-smokers, had higher breathing rates (2.2 breaths/min; 95% CI: 0.95, 3.49). Quit-early smoking was associated with reductions in beat-to-beat heart rate variability (HRV) in active (-0.08 s) and quiet sleep (-0.11 s) in CT. In girls, moderate-high continuous smoking was associated with increased systolic (3.0 mmHg, CI: 0.70, 5.24) and diastolic blood pressure (2.9 mmHg, CI: 0.72, 5.02). In quiet sleep, low-continuous drinking was associated with slower heart rate (-4.5 beat/min). In boys, low-continuous drinking was associated with a reduced ratio of low-to-high frequency HRV (-0.11, CI: -0.21, -0.02). CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight potential ANS pathways through which prenatal drinking and smoking may contribute to neurodevelopment outcomes. IMPACT: In this prospective cohort study of 6985 mother-infant dyads prenatal drinking and smoking were associated with multiple ANS parameters. Smoking was associated with increased neonatal breathing rates among all infants, and heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure (BP) among girls. Drinking was associated with reductions in HR and BP among all newborns, and reductions in the ratio of low to-high frequency HRV among boys. These findings suggest that prenatal smoking and drinking alter newborn ANS which may presage future neurodevelopmental disorders.
Authors: NicolO Pini; Maristella Lucchini; William P Fifer; Michael M Myers; Maria G Signorini Journal: Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc Date: 2018-07