Laurence Mangel1,2, Sharon Vanetik2,3, Dror Mandel1,2, Ronella Marom1,2, Ronit Lubetzky2,3,4, Hadar Moran-Lev5,6,7. 1. Departments of Neonatology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. 2. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. 3. Departments of Pediatrics, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. 4. Departments of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. 5. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. hadarm@tlvmc.gov.il. 6. Departments of Pediatrics, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. hadarm@tlvmc.gov.il. 7. Departments of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. hadarm@tlvmc.gov.il.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The influence of seasonal variation upon human milk macronutrient content has not been elucidated. This study aimed to compare the macronutrient content of HM produced by lactating mothers during the winter and the summer seasons. STUDY DESIGN: Macronutrient content of colostrum milk samples collected from lactating mothers of healthy term infants between March 2012 and February 2016 was measured by mid-infrared spectroscopy and compared. RESULT: The carbohydrate content of the colostrum was significantly higher in the summer season than in the winter season (6.2 ± 1.3 vs. 5.5 ± 1.4, p-value < 0.001). Protein, fat, and energy contents were similar in summer and winter in both groups (protein 2.7 ± 2.1 vs. 2.6 ± 2.2 g/100 ml, fat 2.6 ± 1.9 vs. 2.35 ± 1.9 g/100 ml, and energy 62 ± 19.1 vs. 60.5 ± 21 kcal/100 ml, respectively). CONCLUSION: The carbohydrate content in colostrum obtained from mothers of term infants was affected by seasonal variations.
OBJECTIVE: The influence of seasonal variation upon human milk macronutrient content has not been elucidated. This study aimed to compare the macronutrient content of HM produced by lactating mothers during the winter and the summer seasons. STUDY DESIGN: Macronutrient content of colostrum milk samples collected from lactating mothers of healthy term infants between March 2012 and February 2016 was measured by mid-infrared spectroscopy and compared. RESULT: The carbohydrate content of the colostrum was significantly higher in the summer season than in the winter season (6.2 ± 1.3 vs. 5.5 ± 1.4, p-value < 0.001). Protein, fat, and energy contents were similar in summer and winter in both groups (protein 2.7 ± 2.1 vs. 2.6 ± 2.2 g/100 ml, fat 2.6 ± 1.9 vs. 2.35 ± 1.9 g/100 ml, and energy 62 ± 19.1 vs. 60.5 ± 21 kcal/100 ml, respectively). CONCLUSION: The carbohydrate content in colostrum obtained from mothers of term infants was affected by seasonal variations.
Authors: Leon R Mitoulas; Jacqueline C Kent; David B Cox; Robyn A Owens; Jillian L Sherriff; Peter E Hartmann Journal: Br J Nutr Date: 2002-07 Impact factor: 3.718