Faunistic study of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) of Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdistan-Iraq.

Background: This study investigates the butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) of Sulaymaniyah Province, in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Investigations were carried out between April 2016 and April 2021, during which butterfly specimens were collected from 34 different localities throughout Sulaymaniyah Province. The collected butterflies belonged to 103 species within five families: five species of Papilionidae, 19 species of Hesperiidae, 18 species of Pieridae, 25 species of Lycaenidae and 36 species of Nymphalidae. New information: Eight species, Carcharodusstauderi Reverdin, 1913, Thymelicushyrax Lederer, 1861, Gonepteryxrhamni (Linnaeus, 1758) Pieriskrueperi Staudinger, 1860, Coliaserate Esper, 1803, Polyommatusthersites (Cantener, 1835), Brenthismofidii Wyatt, 1968 and Pseudochazaramamurra Herrich-Schäffer, 1852 have been added as new records to the fauna of Iraqi butterflies. Farhad A. Khudhur.

Introduction

Sulaymaniyah Province is a mountainous area located in the northeast of Iraq and the southeast part of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region. As a part of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region biogeographically, Sulaymaniyah is situated in the Irano-Tauranian in the southeast of the western Palearctic realm (Ararat 2009). The Province mostly lies between 34°50′ to 36°50′ N longitude and 44°70′ to 46°00′ E latitude, elevation ranges 150-2550 m a.s.l. Sulaymaniyah has a diverse topography of mountains, hills, plains, valleys and lakes, with great biodiversity and many diverse habitats (Ararat 2009, Ahmed 2016).

Butterflies belong to a single superfamily, (Heikkilä et al. 2011, Wiemers and Verovnik 2016). This superfamily consists of seven families; , , , , , and (van Nieukerken et al. 2011, Wiemers and Verovnik 2016). In the past, the Lepidopteran faunal compositions have been rarely studied in Iraq in general and, particularly, in Sulaymaniyah. Butterfly recording in Iraq seemed to begin with Peile (1921), who published his notes on 44 species of the butterfly taken from Mesopotamia and another 44 species collected from adjacent highlands of northwest Persia and South Kurdistan. Scott (1929), in his entomological journey to the Sulaymaniyah Province, failed to record any butterfly species. The first and major contribution to the fauna of Iraq was published by the British Colonel Wiltshire (1957). This work was a compilation of his intensively published articles (Wiltshire 1937a, Wiltshire 1937b, Wiltshire 1939a, Wiltshire 1939b, Wiltshire 1941, Wiltshire 1944). One year later, Higgins (1958), during his visit to Kurdistan, listed notes about 65 species of butterfly and added several new records to the known butterfly fauna of Iraq. During the 1970s, only a single Nymphalid species was recorded in Iraq (Igarashi 1971). There are several other published works considering fauna in Iraq, which mostly depend on literature linked to Iraqi butterfly fauna (Kemal and Koçak 2011, Kemal and Koçak 2018, Koçak and Kemal 2001). Colonel Wiltshire’s data have been used to map Iraqi butterflies by Tshikolovets et al. (2014) in a book entitled “The butterflies of Iran and Iraq”, in which they studied also some fragmentary data from literature linked to Iraqi butterfly fauna and a few museum specimens. Recently in 2018, three articles have been published dealing with the butterfly fauna of Iraqi Kurdistan. These three studies have added several species to the known Iraqi fauna in the form of new records (Othman et al. 2018, Said et al. 2018, Yakovlev 2018), fifty-five species in the Erbil Province (Othman et al. 2018) and fifty species in the Duhok Province (Said et al. 2018, Yakovlev 2018). Lately, two lycaeniid butterfly species of the genus have been added to the Iraqi's butterfly fauna (Khudhur 2021). Based on literature data, the total recorded number of butterfly species in Iraq is 154 (Wiltshire 1957, Higgins 1958, Igarashi 1971, Othman et al. 2018, Said et al. 2018, Yakovlev 2018, Khudhur 2021).

The current study aims to investigate the butterfly fauna in the Sulaymaniyah Province and to contribute to the knowledge of species and their distribution in Iraq.

Materials and methods

All butterflies were collected by F. Khudhur between April 2016 and April 2021. The specimens were collected from 34 different sites throughout the Sulaymaniyah Province (Table 1, Fig. 1). Sweeping nets were used for collecting the specimens. Specimens were euthanised with ethyl acetate vapour and were then put into a paper envelope and brought to the laboratory pinned, mounted, labelled and deposited in the Entomology Laboratory, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The species were identified according to Wiltshire (1957), Higgins (1958), Baytaş (2007), Eckweiler (2011), Tshikolovets et al. (2014), Tikhonov et al. (2020).

Table 1.

Geographical information of investigated localities.

Loc. No.	Locality	Latitude / Longitude	Elevation (m)	Visiting Date
1	Sarkapkan	36°21'04"N, 44°46'24"E	791	07.05.2016
				20.09.2018
2	Shênê	36°17'00"N, 45°16'01"E	1290	12.08.2020
3	Shanakhsê	35°58'37"N, 45°31'11"E	1060	11.07.2020
4	Dukan	35°56'59"N, 44°57'38"E	515	18.11.2016
				15.05.2018
5	Upper Dêrê	35°56'08"N, 44°57'38"E	1600	21.06.2020
				01.07.2020
6	Galala	35°53'58"N, 45°19'51"E	1170	11.06.2020
7	Qamchukha	35°53'51"N, 45°00'51"E	712	06.09.2016
8	Mawat	35°53'10"N, 45°23'59"E	786	30.08.2016
				12.04.2020
				21.08.2020
9	Little Barê	35°53'02"N, 45°40'07"E	1500	06.09.2020
10	Sargalw	35°52'44"N, 45°09'49"E	930	17.05.2020
11	Goptapa	35°51'00"N, 44°50'07"E	376	02.05.2017
12	Sya Gwez	35°48'37"N, 45°47'33"E	1500	24.08.2016
13	Chami Razan	35°48'03"N, 44°58'38"E	586	12.04.2016
				06.09.2016
14	Balkha	35°47'09"N, 45°22'47"E	855	16.08.2017
15	Gollê	35°46'31"N, 45°49'54"E	1117	29.06.2020
16	Zêwê (Piramagroon Mountain)	35°45'41"N, 45°14'17"E	1720	15.08.2016
				12.09.2018
				06.06.2020
				10.08.2020
				04.05.2021
17	Mokaba	35°45'26"N, 45°25'41"E	841	25.04.2018
				09.04.2021
18	Qaiwan	35°42'01"N, 45°25'03"E	1230	21.05.2016
				13.05.2017
19	Hawary Shar Park	35°36'41"N, 45°25'48"E	919	28.08.2016
				23.10.2016
				21.07.2018
				20.11.2018
				29.05.2020
				06.04.2021
20	Penjwin	35°36'09"N, 45°57'48"E	1400	18.04.2019
21	Goyzha	35°34'57"N, 45°28'09"E	1070	27.09.2016
22	Qlyasan	35°34'41"N, 45°22'01"E	756	24.09.2016
				09.11.2016
				29.03.2017
				09.06.2017
				25.06.2019
				27.06.2020
23	Azady Park	35°34'02"N, 45°25'51"E	845	17.08.2016
				29.10.2016
				14.04.2021
24	Basak	35°33'30"N, 45°42'57"E	1260	05.05.2016
25	Kani Pan	35°33'03"N, 45°18'00"E	714	05.10.2016
				12.10.2016
26	Hazarmerd	35°29'56"N, 45°18'54"E	958	03.05.2016
				21.04.2017
				15.04.2019
				05.05.2020
				14.05.2020
				06.08.2020
				13.10.2020
				15.04.2021
27	Dêlêzha	35°27'36"N, 45°11'26"E	695	26.04.2016
				01.09.2020
28	Nawê	35°24'42"N, 45°57'59"E	656	27.10.2017
29	Zalm	35°18'53"N, 46°05'07"E	843	11.05.2020
30	Sargat	35°17'34"N, 46°06'18"E	1050	16.06.2020
31	Qareh Dagh	35°14'27"N, 45°22'12"E	1310	06,05,2017
				30.05.2020
				01.09.2020
				12.09.2020
32	Byara	35°13'47"N, 46°07'13"E	1120	22.09.2016
				07.07.2017
				14.09.2019
33	Sartak	34°56'45"N, 45°46'32"E	1270	20.05.2017
				19.03.2021
34	Awa Khwery	34°53'30"N, 45°33'29"E	311	16.08.2019

Figure 1.

Map of Sulaymaniyah Province, the sampling localities marked with blue dots.

Data resources

A total of 103 species of butterfly, belonging to five families of the superfamily , order , were identified. Of which eight species, previously unrecorded, were added as new species to the Iraqi butterfly fauna; these eight species are marked with an asterisk in the Checklist section. Five species were recorded within , 19 species within including two new records, 18 species within including three new records, 25 species within with one new record and 36 species within including two new records. The species of the butterflies were listed according to Wiemers and Verovnik (2016).

Checklists

Checklist of Butterflies of Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdista Region, Iraq

(Esper, [1780])

47E5BD06-C0D7-5380-93D4-01CCFD8684A9

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Upper Dukan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chamchamal; locality: Goptapa Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Chami Razan Valley; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bazyan; locality: Dêlêzha; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Byara; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Kalar; locality: Awa Khwery; verbatimCoordinates:

Reverdin, 1913

CB23C105-8CA9-5362-9FF4-D64743141542

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Reverdin, 1913

C346BA24-6621-51DE-96F8-39371D13F584

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chwarta; municipality: Basnê; locality: Upper Dêrê; verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Tshikolovets et.al. 2014; Event: eventDate: 21-Jun-20; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Tshikolovets etal. 2014; Event: eventDate: 10-Aug-20; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Notes

First record for Iraq

(Herrich-Schäffer, [1852])

2D313E12-204D-58A1-9BAC-312E4545FA4A

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Qamchukha Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

(Boisduval, [1834])

721F97B5-6EF6-5A92-ABCA-27C68D40B96E

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

E50C6867-41F1-52B8-97B5-C68CEB82B944

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Shanakhsê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Little Barê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Fabricius, 1793)

C3742920-EC1C-5681-83A1-B2F7AC4D6307

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Qamchukha Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Hoffmannsegg, 1804)

980DA679-1E1B-54FE-AEB1-955E9340269D

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Sargat Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Hb., 1803)

CF4DFB30-CC29-5F02-B5A2-CDD0B2AF055A

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Lederer, 1855)

0F4F4752-AA89-5478-BC8A-4B2967C2FE35

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Esper, 1777)

9E6F9750-53A1-5D73-B484-75591F23ED05

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Pfeiffer, 1932)

E02D5E0F-AD44-51E8-93AF-B87575CD9A0A

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Walker, 1870)

BC816D21-13B0-5A54-96E9-03494F635B44

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

(Watson, 1893)

DD1AA476-3466-5D23-8E1C-1670835741B1

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

(Hübner, [1823])

F62984C9-9DE4-5349-B0C1-109301E60BBA

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

(Rottemburg, 1775)

C8B2A13B-05DD-5667-994E-D63F726806D7

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Lederer, 1861)

F50B8E52-B0AC-5882-85DF-12A28A4CCA0A

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. A. Khudhur; sex: 2 males; Location: county: Bakrajo; municipality: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Tshikolovets et al. 2014 & Baytaş 2007; Event: eventDate: 14-May-20; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

First record for Iraq

(Ochsenheimer, 1808)

AB50C740-1013-5567-86BD-3124B95D6F93

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Shanakhsê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Poda, 1761)

9A467315-09EF-5FB8-9A94-0B1F2B91E7E4

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Goyzha; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Zalm Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Staudinger, [1892])

08518401-1FDC-5CD5-9657-D8F9779F5016

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Upper Dukan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chamchamal; locality: Goptapa Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Chami Razan Valley; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Oberthür, 1869)

A1BC242D-8C3E-58AD-A76B-1C6BB1CA8872

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Upper Dukan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chamchamal; locality: Goptapa Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Chami Razan Valley; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

9E7FA5B6-8FF2-52F2-8F73-355160292BCF

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Ranya; locality: Sarkapkan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Shanakhsê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Sya Gwez Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Byara; verbatimCoordinates:

Linnaeus, 1758

4CB87121-22CD-5697-9FEE-3CBD4EB2723D

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Kalar; locality: Awa Khwery; verbatimCoordinates:

Linnaeus, 1758

8CECF23E-2EEF-527C-892A-8DB984EC6C94

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Herrich-Schaffer, [1851])

0A4FBE97-C41A-521A-972B-2FC9AA6B7A19

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Ranya; locality: Sarkapkan; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

AA45CC9D-29FF-5838-8A85-C202FF1F4D73

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

1587F301-609C-5138-985D-4371CD78E4B6

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chamchamal; locality: Goptapa Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bazyan; locality: Dêlêzha; verbatimCoordinates:

(Fabricius, 1793)

B59C59C9-282B-5A7A-9654-504290F3355B

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Qamchukha Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Kany Pan; verbatimCoordinates:

(Geoffroy, 1785)

005550A4-19F0-5FD5-842A-B651B275CA20

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Qamchukha Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Little Barê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mokaba; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Esper, 1805)

8CA274E5-AEB3-5FC8-84E7-D9215F75699C

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. A. Khudhur; sex: 1 male, 2 females; Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Tshikolovets etal. 2014; Event: eventDate: 12-Sep-20; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

First record for Iraq

Herrich-Schäffer, 1850

FFD6851D-DEFB-55B2-9E87-4DF57BC44A5F

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

(Olivier, [1804])

38F8DA10-E271-56A7-8D90-0E9D7D0C256D

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Qamchukha Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Kany Pan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Darbandikhan; locality: Sartak; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Kalar; locality: Awa Khwery; verbatimCoordinates:

(Esper, 1800)

A17472A5-6CBE-533A-A89E-F46024C37844

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Penjwen; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

D6DA5F04-D749-5DDA-917F-9626F54DAFEC

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. A. Khudhur; sex: 2 males; Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Tshikolovets etal. 2014; Event: eventDate: 4-May-21; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

First record for Iraq

(Zeller, 1847)

ABCEF433-40CF-5887-869B-D19D147E6FC9

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Geyer, [1828])

81DCDB13-81C9-59F7-AE24-E02FC9EEF4D8

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Sargat Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Staudinger, 1860

D9D64BCB-8AEB-5EB5-9F65-091424FB3838

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. A. Khudhur; sex: 1 male; Location: county: Said Sadiq; locality: Nawê Village; verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Tshikolovets etal. 2014; Event: eventDate: 27-Oct-17; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

First record for Iraq

(Linnaeus, 1758)

501E98B6-55BB-5735-9C4E-6400BADECD71

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Byara; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

652E4B83-81F8-555E-BB7B-42D9B82F4A2D

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Ranya; locality: Sarkapkan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Upper Dukan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chamchamal; locality: Goptapa Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Chami Razan Valley; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mokaba; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Qaiwan Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Penjwen; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Kany Pan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bazyan; locality: Dêlêzha; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Byara; verbatimCoordinates:

(Hübner, [1808-1813])

59902F06-7A2D-507F-B056-AF9855F85BCB

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Barzinja; locality: Basak Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Klug, 1829

6E7F946C-A1E1-5B44-83D0-FECBE97F577A

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

BBE7AEBC-D119-570B-A4FA-112A6EA15CB1

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Ranya; locality: Sarkapkan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mokaba; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Kany Pan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

9348651C-D295-5D87-B5D3-87EF8948C866

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Barzinja; locality: Basak Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Kany Pan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bazyan; locality: Dêlêzha; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Said Sadiq; locality: Nawê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Zalm Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Byara; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

BC12FB61-8309-50C2-A7A1-EF4A006E71DB

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Staudinger, 1901

DA743377-A90C-5A4C-8D3E-A88794DEAF9D

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

(Eversmann, 1854)

4314CC83-00E0-5672-9455-146F46EBDF82

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Balkha Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

290E6791-658D-5FDF-B4F7-32AA42D064A3

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Blom, 1979)

0EAB179E-3C96-56FD-9ED5-F49CBE2DD4A3

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mokaba; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1767)

2B9088EE-D9AB-5011-8157-98B0373534AC

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Gollê Resort; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Goyzha; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Kany Pan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bazyan; locality: Dêlêzha; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Kalar; locality: Awa Khwery; verbatimCoordinates:

(Freyer, 1845)

17B59791-23B4-5F59-96A1-288EE0DACAFB

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Lederer, 1855)

CED16726-EA1D-5F03-BF05-86D3DB990573

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Kany Pan; verbatimCoordinates:

(Herrich-Schaffer, [1851])

1CBDED23-CFAC-505D-8D33-55C42F7B13FC

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1761)

C068E71C-7327-53FD-9030-0BAF3FDAE6D0

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

(Esper, 1784)

8B89871B-CC3E-5978-B598-0721B3B22C30

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Goyzha; verbatimCoordinates:

(Poda, 1761)

201352C4-0BDC-5668-88BE-5C00AB616FC5

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Gollê Resort; verbatimCoordinates:

Klug, 1834

6FD55369-A778-572E-A173-C1AABA0BAD9F

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

(Christoph, 1884)

AA1E221F-0CC2-55EA-BB93-8FD64D33B241

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Goyzha; verbatimCoordinates:

von Rottemburg, 1775

48698AF7-2915-59F6-BC34-DE237D84E18C

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Shanakhsê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Denis & Schiffermuller, 1775)

3335AE52-2404-556B-A74B-508B04D5474F

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Sya Gwez Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Rottemburg, 1775)

D33AB2A0-BD05-56F0-8CF3-06E220EBDCB2

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Cantener, 1835)

67CCC776-F211-509D-A227-5FD01D4BD5F8

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. A. Khudhur; sex: 1 male; Location: county: Barzinja; locality: Basak Village; verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Tshikolovets etal. 2014; Event: eventDate: 5-May-16; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

First record for Iraq

(Moore, 1865)

E44CEE20-A1F4-567F-BBDF-E9435B4B30CB

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Fabricius 1787).

D42B3D57-1B27-5CF1-BD84-0D944F7A35D3

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Riley, 1921)

4AAC4DC0-6C1F-5A63-8632-AE63BE318C8D

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Gerhard, 1850)

8F581935-81D0-595F-801A-F132493814C5

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Freyer, [1844])

81AAF4DD-94AD-509E-A6E9-99E11C445BCC

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bazyan; locality: Dêlêzha; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Moore, 1865)

9BB4A2A6-C5BF-5E85-901F-C65DBC83B4F9

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Qamchukha Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

von Rottemburg, 1775

166A5327-4E20-5D07-A8C6-73617D6A5B95

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

([Schiffermüller], 1775)

04519FA6-BE5D-5A27-97B3-1C9F16A71F35

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Ranya; locality: Sarkapkan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Sya Gwez Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Byara; verbatimCoordinates:

Wyatt, 1969

ED90C0D3-E44D-59B6-8F06-749028AC093F

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. A. Khudhur; sex: 1 male; Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Tshikolovets etal. 2014; Event: eventDate: 21-Jun-20; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

First record for Iraq.

(Fabricius, 1775)

E9ABA8D2-C1F8-5196-A48A-443C1A41EF3B

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1764)

2267F894-F92F-576E-B26D-0D16FE3BC8E5

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Sargat Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

5F5F3A7F-628C-5C49-A6D7-2FC79030A572

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Kollar, [1849]

8A30FD5C-C1BC-54C4-866F-3641CF155BFB

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Little Barê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

4CC45272-1102-5FF8-9FF2-8A70EB09D3E5

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

(Freyer, 1845)

E4B8572F-03BA-5B1E-845E-2677EBA8482C

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

(Kollar, [1849])

D1107299-105A-561C-8E3A-F848026D1634

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Sargat Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Stauder, 1924)

B5367D38-EE07-56FF-8B59-4633EF0BE996

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

(Staudinger, 1871)

474F33F6-96CA-51D0-8C56-ABC960D2C246

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Little Barê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Penjwen; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Sargat Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Byara; verbatimCoordinates:

(Costa, 1836)

C31719C5-CCE6-5E7D-BCC5-458941AC7CEA

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Rottemburg, 1775)

5C05DEC3-AA00-5A31-A986-33FA6E5FC134

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Herrich-Schäffer, [1846])

CC5D312E-F3EA-50A4-BFFC-EA273396B719

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

B731D0AB-4C51-56B0-B9FB-043B23CB260F

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1767)

C3FC9E64-D6C8-5C0A-A471-FF616FD731E9

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Qlyasan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Staudinger, 1901

63FA97F4-D7C3-5149-B48F-C10F433390D2

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Little Barê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Sya Gwez Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Sargat Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

9D457FD5-DF32-5383-8AFE-E9E788DD78E6

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Kany Pan; verbatimCoordinates:

(Zeller, 1847)

C5900C19-FFD3-57B6-9CEC-D4D1D909DB0C

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Sya Gwez Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Ménétriés, 1832)

E7B37E1F-366C-53E7-BCB0-08DA2A29A21A

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Geyer, [1828])

2FE3B218-B836-58DE-AC69-F6FF9BD36AC7

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Sargat Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Esper, 1783)

A301A2D9-32C6-5C41-A0CE-53D3750AE649

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

9A906B5D-ED7F-5C4A-BCFC-200E189F67B2

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Esper, 1778)

FEA1792F-B3E6-5BE8-ACEC-54F5F59AD138

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Higgins, 1941

D77F70E7-3BCC-50B4-96B3-1E9E405220A9

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

B1C66EF6-A8B2-5112-908D-7CA350F6F258

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mokaba; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

BA2314E2-18E7-5ECB-9901-C7D927C3B360

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Ranya; locality: Sarkapkan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Sya Gwez Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Penjwen; locality: Penjwen; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Sargat Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Halabja; locality: Byara; verbatimCoordinates:

(Esper, 1783)

E089A69D-8DA2-5638-A4E9-AA8245939297

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Cramer, [1777])

E042A080-CA6C-59AF-9ABD-B82954F82FDF

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Sargalw (Bargalw); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

5EC545B3-0B9A-53ED-A5E3-AECA5596B004

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mawat; verbatimCoordinates:

(Herrich-Schäffer, [1846])

75F215EC-866A-56D4-B6EB-F4B1DCD65E9A

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. A. Khudhur; sex: 1 female; Location: county: Mawat; locality: Galala Village; verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Eckweiler 2012, Tshikolovets et al. 2014 & Tikhonov et al. 2020; Event: eventDate: 11-Jun-20; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. A. Khudhur; sex: 1 male; Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates: ; Identification: identifiedBy: Farhad A. Khudhur; identificationReferences: Eckweiler 2012, Tshikolovets et al. 2014 & Tikhonov et al. 2020; Event: eventDate: 6-Jun-20; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

First record for Iraq.

(Klug, 1832)

109B9937-BFAA-51A4-BE90-4451C747E842

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chuarta; locality: Upper Dêrê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

(Geyer, [1827])

52046FE5-7042-5DE8-9264-E0C0038125AF

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

2D94AB28-2EC8-51AE-8DB2-585A5870637A

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Upper Dukan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Hazarmerd; verbatimCoordinates:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

773664AD-8BEB-5940-A347-049425582107

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Ranya; locality: Sarkapkan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Pishdar; locality: Shênê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Qamchukha Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Chamchamal; locality: Goptapa Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Chami Razan Valley; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Dukan; locality: Zêwê (Piramagroon Mount.); verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Mawat; locality: Mokaba; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Hawary Shar Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Sulyamaniyah; locality: Azady Park; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Barzinja; locality: Basak Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bakrajo; locality: Kany Pan; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Bazyan; locality: Dêlêzha; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Said Sadiq; locality: Nawê Village; verbatimCoordinates:

Type status: Other material. Location: county: Darbandikhan; locality: Sartak; verbatimCoordinates:

Discussion

This study is first intensive faunistic study of butterfly in Sulaymaniyah Province. The diverse topography and ecosystems in Sulaymaniyah Province contributes to the richness in its biodiversity (Ararat 2009). In particular, the area has a mixed long border and extended geography with three areas of rich biodiversity: the Zagrosian Provinces of Iran including West Azarbayjan, Kordestan and Kermanshah (Haidari 2012, Kazemi and Hossienzadeh 2020). The results of this study reflect this biodiversity richness. In addition to the 154 species of butterflies that have been documented previously in Iraq (Wiltshire 1957, Higgins 1958, Igarashi 1971, Othman et al. 2018, Said et al. 2018, Yakovlev 2018, Khudhur 2021), 95 species were founded in Sulaymaniyah Province during these investigations. Moreover, this study adds eight new species previously unrecorded to the butterfly fauna of Iraq. Three of these newly-found species within Iraq belong to ; , and . The five others were two skippers, and ; two Nymphalids and and a lycaenid butterfly . All of these new records were predicted to be found here, since Sulaymaniyah is located near to the known distribution range of these species (Wiltshire 1957, Eckweiler 2012, Tshikolovets et al. 2014, Tikhonov et al. 2020). Several works of literature (Kemal and Koçak 2011, Bozano et al. 2016, Kemal and Koçak 2018) indicated distribution of these mentioned species in Iraq, based on the country position within the range of the Westren Palaearctic Region, while these indications were not supported by referencing to specific preserved specimens from Iraq. More new records of butterflies are likely to be found in this region and neighbouring areas in the future studies. Amongst the visited localities of this study, Piramagroon Mountain (Zêwê Village, locality no.15) was unique and had the richest diversity regarding butterflies with the highest number of species recorded, including the three new records , and . Furthermore, several other rarely found species were collected from Piramagroon Mountain, including , , , , and . Therefore, this mountain deserves further investigations and will be the next focus for our future work.