Erin O Semmens1, Cindy S Leary1, Annette L Fitzpatrick2,3, Sindana D Ilango3, Christina Park3, Claire E Adam1, Steven T DeKosky4, Oscar Lopez5, Anjum Hajat3, Joel D Kaufman3,6. 1. Center for Population Health Research, School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA. 2. Departments of Family Medicine and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. 3. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. 4. Department of Neurology and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. 5. Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. 6. Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences and Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Growing evidence implicates air pollution as a risk factor for dementia, but prior work is limited by challenges in diagnostic accuracy and assessing exposures in the decades prior to disease development. We evaluated the impact of long-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) exposures on incident dementia (all-cause, Alzheimer's disease [AD], and vascular dementia [VaD]) in older adults. METHODS: A panel of neurologists adjudicated dementia cases based on extensive neuropsychological testing and magnetic resonance imaging. We applied validated fine-scale air pollutant models to reconstructed residential histories to assess exposures. RESULTS: An interquartile range increase in 20-year PM2.5 was associated with a 20% higher risk of dementia (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5%, 37%) and an increased risk of mixed VaD/AD but not AD alone. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that air pollutant exposures over decades contribute to dementia and that effects of current exposures may be experienced years into the future.
INTRODUCTION: Growing evidence implicates air pollution as a risk factor for dementia, but prior work is limited by challenges in diagnostic accuracy and assessing exposures in the decades prior to disease development. We evaluated the impact of long-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) exposures on incident dementia (all-cause, Alzheimer's disease [AD], and vascular dementia [VaD]) in older adults. METHODS: A panel of neurologists adjudicated dementia cases based on extensive neuropsychological testing and magnetic resonance imaging. We applied validated fine-scale air pollutant models to reconstructed residential histories to assess exposures. RESULTS: An interquartile range increase in 20-year PM2.5 was associated with a 20% higher risk of dementia (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5%, 37%) and an increased risk of mixed VaD/AD but not AD alone. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that air pollutant exposures over decades contribute to dementia and that effects of current exposures may be experienced years into the future.
Authors: Clifford R Jack; David S Knopman; William J Jagust; Ronald C Petersen; Michael W Weiner; Paul S Aisen; Leslie M Shaw; Prashanthi Vemuri; Heather J Wiste; Stephen D Weigand; Timothy G Lesnick; Vernon S Pankratz; Michael C Donohue; John Q Trojanowski Journal: Lancet Neurol Date: 2013-02 Impact factor: 44.182
Authors: Rachel M Shaffer; Ge Li; Sara D Adar; C Dirk Keene; Caitlin S Latimer; Paul K Crane; Eric B Larson; Joel D Kaufman; Marco Carone; Lianne Sheppard Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2021 Impact factor: 4.472
Authors: Anjum Hajat; Ana V Diez-Roux; Sara D Adar; Amy H Auchincloss; Gina S Lovasi; Marie S O'Neill; Lianne Sheppard; Joel D Kaufman Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2013-09-27 Impact factor: 9.031