[Transketolase: structure and mechanism of action].

The structure and mechanism of action of transketolase are reviewed, with the primary emphasis laid on the baker's yeast enzyme. The oligomeric structure of transketolase, the interaction of the coenzyme with the apoenzyme and the role of phosphate groups in the substrate interaction with the protein have been studied. The role of essential groups of apotransketolase in the binding of the coenzyme, substrates as well as in the catalytic act are described. The peculiarities of formation of the enzyme active center are discussed.