Priya S Gupta1, Krishna Upadhya2, Pamela Matson2, Susanna Magee3, Hoover Adger2, Maria Trent2. 1. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard, Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 2. Sections on Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 3. Department of Family Medicine, Brown University Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Abstract
Background: Marijuana is linked to adverse pregnancy health effects, yet limited data exist regarding demographic and regional differences in marijuana use during pregnancy. Objective: To determine the prevalence of prenatal marijuana use among reproductive-age women and assess regional and age-related differences. Methods: This study secondarily analyzed cross-sectional, population-based Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data from states querying about marijuana use. It included 10,350 women with live births in 2009-2011. Primary outcome was "any use of marijuana" during pregnancy. Logistic regression analysis examined associations between marijuana use, age, and other socio demographic characteristics. Results: In all states, marijuana use during pregnancy was more likely in adolescent and young adults (AYA; <25 years) than older mothers: Alaska, prevalence rate ratio (PRR), 2.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-2.6); Hawaii, PRR, 1.55 (95% CI, 1.2-1.9); Vermont, PRR, 2.44 (95% CI, 1.9-2.9). Regression analyses, controlling for other demographic characteristics, showed that age <25 was associated with higher odds of marijuana use in Alaska (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.24 [95% CI, 1.9-2.5]) and Vermont (aOR, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.5-1.9]). Smoking cigarettes during pregnancy was associated with higher odds of concomitant marijuana use in Alaska (aOR, (P<0.05)) and Vermont (aOR, 1.2 (P<0.05)). Conclusions: AYA reported higher marijuana use rates during pregnancy than older women. Cigarette use during pregnancy was associated with marijuana use. Additional research, examining national marijuana use patterns and maternal and child health outcomes in the context of evolving marijuana policies, is warranted.
Background: Marijuana is linked to adverse pregnancy health effects, yet limited data exist regarding demographic and regional differences in marijuana use during pregnancy. Objective: To determine the prevalence of prenatal marijuana use among reproductive-age women and assess regional and age-related differences. Methods: This study secondarily analyzed cross-sectional, population-based Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data from states querying about marijuana use. It included 10,350 women with live births in 2009-2011. Primary outcome was "any use of marijuana" during pregnancy. Logistic regression analysis examined associations between marijuana use, age, and other socio demographic characteristics. Results: In all states, marijuana use during pregnancy was more likely in adolescent and young adults (AYA; <25 years) than older mothers: Alaska, prevalence rate ratio (PRR), 2.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-2.6); Hawaii, PRR, 1.55 (95% CI, 1.2-1.9); Vermont, PRR, 2.44 (95% CI, 1.9-2.9). Regression analyses, controlling for other demographic characteristics, showed that age <25 was associated with higher odds of marijuana use in Alaska (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.24 [95% CI, 1.9-2.5]) and Vermont (aOR, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.5-1.9]). Smoking cigarettes during pregnancy was associated with higher odds of concomitant marijuana use in Alaska (aOR, (P<0.05)) and Vermont (aOR, 1.2 (P<0.05)). Conclusions: AYA reported higher marijuana use rates during pregnancy than older women. Cigarette use during pregnancy was associated with marijuana use. Additional research, examining national marijuana use patterns and maternal and child health outcomes in the context of evolving marijuana policies, is warranted.
Authors: Jean Y Ko; Van T Tong; Jennifer M Bombard; Donald K Hayes; John Davy; Katherine A Perham-Hester Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2018-03-29 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Lucinda J England; Carolyne Bennett; Clark H Denny; Margaret A Honein; Suzanne M Gilboa; Shin Y Kim; Gery P Guy; Emmy L Tran; Charles E Rose; Michele K Bohm; Coleen A Boyle Journal: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Date: 2020-08-07 Impact factor: 17.586