Management and timing of cleft palate fistula repair.

This study reviewed 199 cleft palate repairs resulting in 22 percent fistula formation. Of these, 49 percent were judged to be symptomatic. Of 44 fistulas, 21 required treatment, of which 14 had conventional type surgical closure with an overall success rate of 35 percent. Good surgical technique and good surgical judgment were felt to be important factors both in preventing postoperative fistula and in the success of their repair. Conventional methods of surgical repair of hard palate fistulas were seen to result in a very poor success rate. Orthodontic movement of maxillary segments was seen to contribute to late postoperative fistula formation. Therefore, orthodontic movement should be completed before undertaking surgical repair of anterior palatal fistulas. Finally, the success rate of anterior fistula repair has been dramatically improved by the addition of free periosteal grafts and cancellous bone grafts.