Alexandra Migga1,2, Georg Schulz1,3, Griffin Rodgers1,2, Melissa Osterwalder1,2, Christine Tanner1,2, Holger Blank4, Iwan Jerjen5, Phil Salmon6, William Twengström7, Mario Scheel8, Timm Weitkamp8, Christian M Schlepütz9, Jan S Bolten10, Jörg Huwyler10, Gerhard Hotz11,12, Srinivas Madduri1,13,14, Bert Müller1,2. 1. University of Basel, Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Allschwil, Switzerland. 2. University of Basel, Biomaterials Science Center, Department of Clinical Research, Basel, Switzerland. 3. University of Basel, Core Facility Micro- and Nanotomography, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Allschwil, Switzerland. 4. Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Oberkochen, Germany. 5. Gloor Instruments AG, Kloten, Switzerland. 6. Bruker Micro-CT, Kontich, Belgium. 7. Exciscope AB, Kista, Sweden. 8. Synchrotron SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. 9. Paul Scherrer Institut, Swiss Light Source, Villigen, Switzerland. 10. University of Basel, Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Basel, Switzerland. 11. Natural History Museum of Basel, Anthropological Collection, Basel, Switzerland. 12. University of Basel, Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science, Basel, Switzerland. 13. University of Geneva, Department of Surgery, Geneva, Switzerland. 14. University Hospital Basel, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Basel, Switzerland.
Abstract
Purpose: Synchrotron radiation-based tomography yields microanatomical features in human and animal tissues without physical slicing. Recent advances in instrumentation have made laboratory-based phase tomography feasible. We compared the performance of three cutting-edge laboratory systems benchmarked by synchrotron radiation-based tomography for three specimens. As an additional criterion, the user-friendliness of the three microtomography systems was considered. Approach: The three tomography systems-SkyScan 2214 (Bruker-microCT, Kontich, Belgium), Exciscope prototype (Stockholm, Sweden), and Xradia 620 Versa (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany)-were given 36 h to measure three medically relevant specimens, namely, zebrafish larva, archaeological human tooth, and porcine nerve. The obtained datasets were registered to the benchmark synchrotron radiation-based tomography from the same specimens and selected ones to the SkyScan 1275 and phoenix nanotom m® laboratory systems to characterize development over the last decade. Results: Next-generation laboratory-based microtomography almost reached the quality achieved by synchrotron-radiation facilities with respect to spatial and density resolution, as indicated by the visualization of the medically relevant microanatomical features. The SkyScan 2214 system and the Exciscope prototype demonstrated the complementarity of phase information by imaging the eyes of the zebrafish larva. The 3 - μ m thin annual layers in the tooth cementum were identified using Xradia 620 Versa. Conclusions: SkyScan 2214 was the simplest system and was well-suited to visualizing the wealth of anatomical features in the zebrafish larva. Data from the Exciscope prototype with the high photon flux from the liquid metal source showed the spiral nature of the myelin sheaths in the porcine nerve. Xradia 620 Versa, with detector optics as typically installed for synchrotron tomography beamlines, enabled the three-dimensional visualization of the zebrafish larva with comparable quality to the synchrotron data and the annual layers in the tooth cementum.
Purpose: Synchrotron radiation-based tomography yields microanatomical features in human and animal tissues without physical slicing. Recent advances in instrumentation have made laboratory-based phase tomography feasible. We compared the performance of three cutting-edge laboratory systems benchmarked by synchrotron radiation-based tomography for three specimens. As an additional criterion, the user-friendliness of the three microtomography systems was considered. Approach: The three tomography systems-SkyScan 2214 (Bruker-microCT, Kontich, Belgium), Exciscope prototype (Stockholm, Sweden), and Xradia 620 Versa (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany)-were given 36 h to measure three medically relevant specimens, namely, zebrafish larva, archaeological human tooth, and porcine nerve. The obtained datasets were registered to the benchmark synchrotron radiation-based tomography from the same specimens and selected ones to the SkyScan 1275 and phoenix nanotom m® laboratory systems to characterize development over the last decade. Results: Next-generation laboratory-based microtomography almost reached the quality achieved by synchrotron-radiation facilities with respect to spatial and density resolution, as indicated by the visualization of the medically relevant microanatomical features. The SkyScan 2214 system and the Exciscope prototype demonstrated the complementarity of phase information by imaging the eyes of the zebrafish larva. The 3 - μ m thin annual layers in the tooth cementum were identified using Xradia 620 Versa. Conclusions: SkyScan 2214 was the simplest system and was well-suited to visualizing the wealth of anatomical features in the zebrafish larva. Data from the Exciscope prototype with the high photon flux from the liquid metal source showed the spiral nature of the myelin sheaths in the porcine nerve. Xradia 620 Versa, with detector optics as typically installed for synchrotron tomography beamlines, enabled the three-dimensional visualization of the zebrafish larva with comparable quality to the synchrotron data and the annual layers in the tooth cementum.
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