Linda C Gallo1, Kimberly L Savin2, Marta M Jankowska3, Scott C Roesch2, James F Sallis4, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez5, Gregory A Talavera2, Krista M Perreira6, Carmen R Isasi7, Frank J Penedo8, Maria M Llabre8, Mayra L Estrella9, Earle C Chambers10, Martha L Daviglus8, Scott C Brown11, Jordan A Carlson12. 1. San Diego State University/Universtiy of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California. Electronic address: lgallo@sdsu.edu. 2. San Diego State University/Universtiy of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California. 3. Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California. 4. The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia. 5. Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 6. Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 7. Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. 8. Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. 9. Institute for Minority Health Research, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. 10. Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. 11. Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. 12. Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital and University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This study examines the associations of neighborhood environments with BMI, HbA1c, and diabetes across 6 years in Hispanic/Latino adults. METHODS: Participants from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos San Diego site (n=3,851, mean age=39.4 years, 53.3% women, 94.0% Mexican heritage) underwent assessment of metabolic risk factors and diabetes status (categorized as normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes) at baseline (2008-2011) and approximately 6 years later (2014-2017). In the Study of Latinos Community and Surrounding Areas Study ancillary study (2015-2020), participant baseline addresses were geocoded, and neighborhoods were defined using 800-meter circular buffers. Neighborhood variables representing socioeconomic deprivation, residential stability, social disorder, walkability, and greenness were created using Census and other public databases. Analyses were conducted in 2020-2021. RESULTS: Complex survey regression analyses revealed that greater neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was associated with higher BMI (β=0.14, p<0.001) and HbA1c (β=0.08, p<0.01) levels and a higher odds of worse diabetes status (i.e., having prediabetes versus normoglycemia and having diabetes versus prediabetes; OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.06, 1.47) at baseline. Greater baseline neighborhood deprivation also was related to increasing BMI (β=0.05, p<0.01) and worsening diabetes (OR=1.27, 95% CI=1.10, 1.46) statuses, whereas social disorder was related to increasing BMI levels (β=0.05, p<0.05) at Visit 2. There were no associations of expected protective factors of walkability, greenness, or residential stability. CONCLUSIONS: Neighborhood deprivation and disorder were related to worse metabolic health in San Diego Hispanic/Latino adults of mostly Mexican heritage. Multilevel interventions emphasizing individual and structural determinants may be most effective in improving metabolic health among Hispanic/Latino individuals.
INTRODUCTION: This study examines the associations of neighborhood environments with BMI, HbA1c, and diabetes across 6 years in Hispanic/Latino adults. METHODS: Participants from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos San Diego site (n=3,851, mean age=39.4 years, 53.3% women, 94.0% Mexican heritage) underwent assessment of metabolic risk factors and diabetes status (categorized as normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes) at baseline (2008-2011) and approximately 6 years later (2014-2017). In the Study of Latinos Community and Surrounding Areas Study ancillary study (2015-2020), participant baseline addresses were geocoded, and neighborhoods were defined using 800-meter circular buffers. Neighborhood variables representing socioeconomic deprivation, residential stability, social disorder, walkability, and greenness were created using Census and other public databases. Analyses were conducted in 2020-2021. RESULTS: Complex survey regression analyses revealed that greater neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was associated with higher BMI (β=0.14, p<0.001) and HbA1c (β=0.08, p<0.01) levels and a higher odds of worse diabetes status (i.e., having prediabetes versus normoglycemia and having diabetes versus prediabetes; OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.06, 1.47) at baseline. Greater baseline neighborhood deprivation also was related to increasing BMI (β=0.05, p<0.01) and worsening diabetes (OR=1.27, 95% CI=1.10, 1.46) statuses, whereas social disorder was related to increasing BMI levels (β=0.05, p<0.05) at Visit 2. There were no associations of expected protective factors of walkability, greenness, or residential stability. CONCLUSIONS: Neighborhood deprivation and disorder were related to worse metabolic health in San Diego Hispanic/Latino adults of mostly Mexican heritage. Multilevel interventions emphasizing individual and structural determinants may be most effective in improving metabolic health among Hispanic/Latino individuals.
Authors: Linda C Gallo; Jordan A Carlson; Daniela Sotres-Alvarez; James F Sallis; Marta M Jankowska; Scott C Roesch; Franklyn Gonzalez; Carrie M Geremia; Gregory A Talavera; Tasi M Rodriguez; Sheila F Castañeda; Matthew A Allison Journal: Ann Epidemiol Date: 2018-11-12 Impact factor: 3.797
Authors: Lisa M Lavange; William D Kalsbeek; Paul D Sorlie; Larissa M Avilés-Santa; Robert C Kaplan; Janice Barnhart; Kiang Liu; Aida Giachello; David J Lee; John Ryan; Michael H Criqui; John P Elder Journal: Ann Epidemiol Date: 2010-08 Impact factor: 3.797
Authors: Michelle S Wong; Kitty S Chan; Jessica C Jones-Smith; Elizabeth Colantuoni; Roland J Thorpe; Sara N Bleich Journal: Prev Med Date: 2017-11-29 Impact factor: 4.018
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