| Literature DB >> 35362682 |
Yalei Dong1, Shuijiao Niu2, Yasen Qiao1, Chuanfeng Huang1, Haiyan Wang1, Lei Sun1.
Abstract
Cosmetic products for hair loss prevention are often mixed with prohibited substances such as hormones, antibiotics, and forbidden pharmacologically active substances. Although drugs increase the efficacy of cosmetic products, they cause skin irritation and allergic reactions, upon long-term exposure. Given the increasing number of hair loss prevention cosmetics on the market, the need to guarantee product safety calls for efficient and reliable methods to identify illegal ingredients in these products. Chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry offers the advantages of high resolution and high throughout, thus being a powerful technique for simultaneously detecting illegal ingredients in cosmetics. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) method for detecting 19 illegal chemical components was established. Combined with the scientific database, a screening platform for hair loss prevention cosmetics was constructed. The effect of extraction solvent was investigated. The chromatographic and mass spectrometry conditions were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, separation was achieved within 20 min on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm). Acetonitrile and 2 mmol/L ammonium formate solution containing 0.05% formic acid were used as mobile phases for gradient elution. The 19 compounds were detected by positive ion electrospray ionization (ESI) in the MSE mode. The chromatographic retention time, precursor ions, product ions of the target analytes, and abundance ratio were collected to construct a screening database with UNIFI software. The 19 compounds were well separated, with good linearity. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were 0.025-0.05 μg/g and 0.075-0.15 μg/g, respectively. Hair lotion and shampoo, which are commonly marketed as hair loss prevention cosmetics, were selected as the respective matrices for the recovery experiment. The average recoveries of the 19 compounds ranged from 68.6% to 118.6%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 0.3%-10.3%. Then, 77 batches of cosmetic samples were detected and screened under the same conditions. The TOF-MS information, including the retention time, ion addition mode, mass-to-charge ratio of the parent ions and fragment ions, as well as the abundance ratio, were compared between the cosmetic samples and the standard MS information with UNIFI software. Finally, two batches of samples that were illegally adulterated with minoxidil and finasteride were identified. The ESI fragmentation pathway of the product ions from minoxidil was also proposed. The matrix matching external standard method was used to determine the amounts of minoxidil and finasteride in the two batches of hair lotion, and they were as high as 60 mg/g and 0.31 mg/g, respectively. This result revealed that multiple chemical components were simultaneously added to hair loss prevention cosmetics. Furthermore, the amount of the illegally added drug was very high, indicating high safety risk for consumers using such cosmetics. The present method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, and good reproducibility. It can be used for rapid screening and simultaneous quantitative analysis of various illegal chemicals in hair loss prevention cosmetics.Entities:
Keywords: hair loss prevention cosmetics; high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS); illegally added; screening; ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2022 PMID: 35362682 PMCID: PMC9404028 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.08019
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Se Pu ISSN: 1000-8713
19种化合物的UPLC-Q-TOF-MS参数信息
| No. | Compound | Chinese name | Chemical | Precursor | tR/ | Observed | Fragment 1 | Fragment 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bifonazole (B) | 联苯苄唑 | C22H18N2 | [M+H]+ | 7.15 | 311.1542 | 165.0699 | 243.1168 |
| 2 | clotrimazole (C) | 克霉唑 | C22H17ClN2 | [M-C3H3N2]+ | 6.98 | 277.0777 | 165.0699 | 241.1012 |
| 3 | dutasteride (D) | 度他雄胺 | C27H30F6N2O2 | [M+H]+ | 11.59 | 529.2293 | 461.2033 | 95.0837 |
| 4 | econazole (ECZ) | 益康唑 | C18H15Cl3N2O | [M+H]+ | 8.59 | 381.0322 | 125.0153 | 89.0386 |
| 5 | epristeride (EPS) | 依立雄胺 | C25H37NO3 | [M+H]+ | 10.66 | 400.2851 | 344.2227 | 72.0425 |
| 6 | finasteride (FNS) | 非那雄胺 | C23H36N2O2 | [M+H]+ | 7.22 | 373.2852 | 305.2603 | 317.2237 |
| 7 | fluconazole (FCZ) | 氟康唑 | C13H12F2N6O | [M+H]+ | 2.8 | 307.1111 | 220.0681 | 238.0786 |
| 8 | griseofulvin (G) | 灰黄霉素 | C17H17ClO6 | [M+H]+ | 6.03 | 353.0781 | 285.0524 | 165.0546 |
| 9 | hydrocortisone (H) | 氢化可的松 | C21H30O5 | [M+H]+ | 3.77 | 363.2161 | 109.0648 | 119.0491 |
| 10 | ketoconazole (K) | 酮康唑 | C26H28Cl2N4O4 | [M+H]+ | 5.54 | 531.1566 | 489.1455 | 495.1794 |
| 11 | methyltestosterone (MT) | 甲睾酮 | C20H30O2 | [M+H]+ | 7.23 | 303.2313 | 285.2213 | 109.0648 |
| 12 | miconazole (MCZ) | 咪康唑 | C18H14Cl4N2O | [M+H]+ | 9.71 | 416.9934 | 158.9763 | 122.9996 |
| 13 | minoxidil (MXD) | 米诺地尔 | C9H15N5O | [M+H]+ | 2.63 | 210.1355 | 164.0933 | 193.1327 |
| 14 | naftifine (N) | 萘替芬 | C21H21N | [M+H]+ | 5.68 | 288.1743 | 141.0699 | 117.0699 |
| 15 | progesterone (P) | 孕酮 | C21H30O2 | [M+H]+ | 9.95 | 315.2326 | 109.0648 | 97.0648 |
| 16 | spironolactone (S) | 螺内酯 | C24H32O4S | [M-CH3OS]+ | 7.91 | 341.2112 | 107.0853 | 181.1108 |
| 17 | testosterone (T) | 睾酮 | C19H28O2 | [M+H]+ | 6.45 | 289.2164 | 97.0648 | 109.0648 |
| 18 | triamcinolone acetonide (TA) | 曲安奈德 | C24H31FO6 | [M+H]+ | 5.09 | 435.2174 | 415.2115 | 397.2010 |
| 19 | triamcinolone acetonide | 醋酸曲安奈德 | C25H31FO8 | [M+H]+ | 8.28 | 477.2284 | 457.2221 | 321.1485 |
| acetate (TAA) |
图1提取溶剂对19种化合物加标回收率的影响
图2提取溶剂中甲醇的体积分数对19种化合物回收率的影响
图3采用HSS T3色谱柱时部分化合物的提取离子色谱图
图4进样溶剂为60%甲醇-水时部分化合物的提取离子色谱图
图519种化合物的(a)总离子流图和(b)提取离子色谱图
图6基质效应考察结果
两种基质中19种化合物的线性范围、相关系数、检出限、定量限和精密度
| No. | Compound | Linear range/(μg/L) | R2 | LOD/(μg/g) | LOQ/(μg/g) | RSD/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bifonazole | 5-50 | 0.9950 | 0.050 | 0.15 | 3.9 |
| 2 | clotrimazole | 2-50 | 0.9950 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 1.0 |
| 3 | dutasteride | 2-50 | 0.9995 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 3.2 |
| 4 | econazole | 2-50 | 0.9995 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 1.3 |
| 5 | epristeride | 2-50 | 1.000 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 3.6 |
| 6 | finasteride | 2-50 | 0.9991 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 1.1 |
| 7 | fluconazole | 2-100 | 0.9999 | 0.035 | 0.10 | 4.5 |
| 8 | griseofulvin | 2-100 | 0.9997 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 0.5 |
| 9 | hydrocortisone | 2-50 | 0.9999 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 3.5 |
| 10 | ketoconazole | 2-100 | 0.9991 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 2.3 |
| 11 | methyltestosterone | 2-50 | 0.9999 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 1.3 |
| 12 | miconazole | 2-100 | 1.000 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 2.2 |
| 13 | minoxidil | 2-100 | 0.9994 | 0.035 | 0.10 | 8.2 |
| 14 | naftifine | 2-100 | 0.9997 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 1.8 |
| 15 | progesterone | 2-100 | 0.9998 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 4.1 |
| 16 | spironolactone | 2-100 | 0.9991 | 0.035 | 0.10 | 5.9 |
| 17 | testosterone | 2-100 | 1.000 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 1.6 |
| 18 | triamcinolone acetonide | 2-100 | 0.9986 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 4.1 |
| 19 | triamcinolone acetonide acetate | 2-100 | 0.9974 | 0.025 | 0.075 | 4.6 |
两种基质中19种化合物的加标回收率和RSD(n=6)
| No. | Compound | Spiked/(μg/L) | Hair lotion matrix | Shampoo matrix | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% | ||||
| 1 | bifonazole | 13.6 | 76.7 | 8.1 | 83.2 | 6.2 | |
| 27.2 | 86.2 | 3.6 | 77.4 | 2.1 | |||
| 2 | clotrimazole | 5.6 | 109.8 | 3.3 | 74.0 | 3.2 | |
| 11.2 | 110.7 | 0.9 | 87.4 | 5.7 | |||
| 3 | dutasteride | 10.1 | 71.9 | 4.8 | 82.5 | 4.2 | |
| 20.2 | 77.5 | 4.1 | 113.0 | 2.0 | |||
| 4 | econazole | 15.1 | 111.7 | 2.5 | 106.8 | 2.4 | |
| 30.3 | 107.6 | 0.7 | 76.9 | 9.8 | |||
| 5 | epristeride | 8.0 | 95.8 | 7.3 | 117.4 | 7.3 | |
| 16.0 | 117.5 | 3.4 | 81.5 | 7.3 | |||
| 6 | finasteride | 10.1 | 95.0 | 3.3 | 68.6 | 2.6 | |
| 20.2 | 93.8 | 0.3 | 99.8 | 3.2 | |||
| 7 | fluconazole | 6.8 | 101.2 | 5.5 | 71.9 | 2.2 | |
| 13.6 | 97.3 | 1.8 | 77.7 | 5.1 | |||
| 8 | griseofulvin | 6.2 | 88.6 | 2.5 | 94.4 | 0.9 | |
| 12.4 | 82.7 | 1.0 | 88.5 | 2.2 | |||
| 9 | hydrocortisone | 3.9 | 82.1 | 2.2 | 96.3 | 3.8 | |
| 7.7 | 118.1 | 5.2 | 114.1 | 8.5 | |||
| 10 | ketoconazole | 9.2 | 88.4 | 4.2 | 84.0 | 3.0 | |
| 18.4 | 83.8 | 0.6 | 94.4 | 4.6 | |||
| 11 | methyltestosterone | 9.8 | 116.9 | 6.1 | 84.4 | 3.4 | |
| 19.6 | 113.0 | 1.7 | 104.8 | 7.9 | |||
| No. | Compound | Spiked/(μg/L) | Hair lotion matrix | Shampoo matrix | |||
| Recovery/% | RSD/% | Recovery/% | RSD/% | ||||
| 12 | miconazole | 7.9 | 118.8 | 3.6 | 105.5 | 6.2 | |
| 15.8 | 113.8 | 0.6 | 89.1 | 5.0 | |||
| 13 | minoxidil | 4.9 | 113.7 | 5.0 | 78.9 | 10.3 | |
| 9.8 | 105.8 | 0.7 | 93.2 | 3.7 | |||
| 14 | naftifine | 4.3 | 103.7 | 2.4 | 74.1 | 3.2 | |
| 8.6 | 97.6 | 0.7 | 108.9 | 4.1 | |||
| 15 | progesterone | 9.7 | 116.3 | 6.3 | 95.5 | 7.2 | |
| 19.5 | 104.8 | 1.7 | 89.2 | 1.1 | |||
| 16 | spironolactone | 10.5 | 74.4 | 4.9 | 73.9 | 6.1 | |
| 21.1 | 97.7 | 1.0 | 80.8 | 9.6 | |||
| 17 | testosterone | 10.5 | 112.6 | 6.2 | 85.1 | 4.1 | |
| 21.1 | 104.1 | 1.2 | 114.7 | 6.0 | |||
| 18 | triamcinolone acetonide | 10.8 | 88.8 | 9.0 | 83.1 | 5.7 | |
| 21.5 | 100.4 | 3.0 | 100.0 | 6.5 | |||
| 19 | triamcinolone acetonide acetate | 4.9 | 79.2 | 9.3 | 77.9 | 0.3 | |
| 9.8 | 109.1 | 2.7 | 115.9 | 2.7 | |||
图7阳性样品中米诺地尔和非那雄胺的提取离子色谱图和低能量质谱图
图8米诺地尔和非那雄胺的标准品及阳性样品的二级质谱图
图9ESI模式下米诺地尔裂解途径推测