The influence of colloidal bismuth subcitrate on duodenal ulcer relapse.

Antisecretory drugs, although able to promote ulcer healing, have been shown to be unable to modify the course of ulcer disease. Relapse rates after short-term cures and after prophylactic long-term therapy are equivalent to those observed during placebo treatment. Conversely, evidence shows that colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS)--by means of a mechanism as yet unclear--reduces the risk of ulcer relapse after a short cure for acute disease. This has been shown in several controlled trials and in two studies on duodenal ulcer patients undertaken by our group. Our experience has shown that 12 months after treatment the relapse rate in patients treated with CBS only during the acute phase was: a) equivalent to that observed in patients whose acute ulcers had healed with cimetidine and had thereafter been treated prophylactically with cimetidine 400 mg at night (69% versus 68%), and b) significantly lower than that of patients whose ulcers had healed with ranitidine and who were subsequently placed under medical observation (67% versus 84%; P less than 0.05). It is concluded that CBS is a valid alternative in the prophylactic treatment of duodenal ulcer.